Shirye-shiryen Android a Java da Kotlin

Shirye-shiryen Android a Java da Kotlin

Idan kun kasance sababbi ga ci gaban Android, tabbas kun ji labarin Java, Manufar-C, ya da Swift. Idan kuna sha'awar zama mai haɓaka app ta hannu, Kuna iya sha'awar koyo game da Tushen Shirye-shiryen Android. Hakanan karatun zai gabatar muku da Swift. An tsara shi ga masu haɓaka Java, amma yana da amfani ga duk masu shirye-shirye. Makasudin wannan kwas shine don samar muku da ainihin ilimin waɗannan harsuna don sauƙaƙa fara ƙirƙirar ƙa'idodin Android.

Java

Harshen shirye-shiryen Android sanannen zaɓi ne ga masu haɓaka software. Kuna iya samun littattafai iri-iri da koyawa a kan Android programmierung a Java. Duk da haka, idan kun kasance sababbi ga shirye-shirye don Android, zai ɗauki ɗan ƙoƙari don fahimtar dabaru da harsuna iri-iri. A cikin wannan labarin, Za mu yi bayanin abubuwan da suka dace na Android programmierung a Java da nau'ikan ci gaba daban-daban da zaku iya amfani da su don ƙirƙirar apps ɗinku.

Android-App yana kunshe da ayyuka daban-daban, wanda za'a iya kallo akan shafin allo. Lokacin da ka danna ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan allon, za ku matsa zuwa aiki na gaba. Babban aikin ya ƙunshi azuzuwan Java, waxanda suke ƙananan aji na Ayyuka da AppCompatActivity. Yana da wurin shigarwa don app ɗin ku kuma yana da mahimman hanyoyin hanyoyin() kuma on Create(). Amfani da waɗannan azuzuwan, za ku sami damar ƙirƙirar ƙirar mai amfani da ke aiki cikin kwanciyar hankali akan kowace na'urar Android.

Lokacin da ka fara amfani da Android, dole ne ku koyi Java. Kuna iya samun ainihin gabatarwar Java ta hanyar littafin gabatarwa ko ta kayan haɓaka app kyauta. Java is a popular programming language for creating Android apps, but it has many pitfalls. The main problem with Java is that it requires a completely different programming style. Despite the fact that Java is a popular choice, Python has been gaining ground as an entry-level language for students.

As an alternative to Java, many developers are switching to Kotlin. Ba kamar Java ba, Kotlin is platform-agnostic and can be learned quickly. It also offers greater error-reduction, which makes Kotlin a great choice for Android programmierung. Soren Rauchle works at 3pc GmbH Neue Kommunikation, and has skills in Android programmierung in Java and the use of Artliche Intelligence in mobile applications.

If you need your applications to run quickly, Java is a better choice than Python. Python has no virtual machine support, amma Java yana da ayyuka ingantattu masu yawa. Dukansu harsuna suna ba da ɗakunan karatu da APIs don masu shirye-shiryen Android don amfani da su. Yayin da harsunan biyu suna da fa'ida iri-iri, Python ya fi kyau ga masu haɓakawa waɗanda ke buƙatar aiki tare da tsarin gado. Har ila yau, yana da sauƙi don canza tsarin matakai. Duk da bambance-bambancen, duka harsunan biyu suna da fa'idodi masu yawa ga masu shirye-shiryen Android.

Marubucin ya kuma ba da cikakkiyar gabatarwa ga shirye-shiryen Android a Java. Yana bayyana mahimman abubuwan haɓaka ƙa'idodin ƙwararru, daga ajiyar bayanai zuwa tsarin bayanan baya. Littafin ya nuna wa masu karatu yadda ake amfani da Android Studio yadda ya kamata. Littafin ya kuma shafi yadda ake amfani da Android SDK, ajiyar bayanai, da Sabis na Intanet. Babban jagora don masu son haɓaka Java, Shirye-shiryen Android a cikin Java babban kayan aiki ne. While learning the language, you’ll gain a deeper appreciation of the Android ecosystem.

Manufar-C

If you want to develop applications for Android devices, you should know about Objective-C for Android. Objective-C is derived from Smalltalk, a language for creating software. Its syntax is very similar to C, but it implements Smalltalk-style messaging. When you use Objective-C to create Android applications, you should make sure to declare the implementation and interface as separate code blocks. You should place the interface in a header file and the implementation in a code file. Both of these files are very similar to C code files, so you may want to read the documentation on both before getting started.

There are a few advantages of using Objective-C for Android programming. Compared to Swift, wannan harshe yana da sauƙin koya, yana ba da matsanancin aiki, kuma ana ba da shawarar sosai don gina sabbin dandamali. Hakanan yana da sauri fiye da Manufar-C, amma ya kasa balaga. Duk da haka, har yanzu yana karɓar sabuntawa na gaba kuma ya zama mafi kyau akan lokaci. Ko da kuwa gazawar Swift, masu haɓakawa za su iya amfana daga amfani da shi tare da Objective-C.

Yayin da yaren Java shine yaren shirye-shirye mafi shahara ga Android, akwai ƴan abubuwa da ya kamata ku tuna yayin amfani da Objective-C don Android. Misali, za ku sami damar zuwa manyan ɗakunan karatu da kayan aiki. Objective-C kuma ya fi Java dama, Don haka zaku iya rubuta apps don duka iOS da Android. Idan kuna son amfani da Java don haɓaka ƙa'idodin ku, kuna buƙatar fahimtar tsarin haɗin gwiwa kuma ku yi amfani da IDE wanda zai iya sarrafa shi akan na'urorin iOS.

Kotlin harshe ne mai buɗe ido don ci gaban Android. An ƙirƙira shi a ciki 2011 kuma an sake shi a cikin babban barga bayarwa a 2016. A ciki 2017, Google ya ayyana Kotlin a matsayin mafi kyawun yaren haɓaka app. Amma shawarar ba ta ƙare ba, kamar yadda Google ke cikin yaƙin doka da Oracle akan Java APIs. Duk da fa'idodinsa da yawa, har yanzu yana ƙasa da Objective-C don Android programmierung. Yana da ƙarancin fasali kuma yana da hankali fiye da Java.

A matsayin tsoho harshe na Apple's iOS na'urorin, Manufar-C yana da babban ɗakin karatu kuma ya saba da kusan kowane mai haɓaka iOS. Manufar-C ingantaccen harshe ne, kuma ba dole ba ne ka sabunta shi akai-akai, sabanin sauran yarukan shirye-shirye a kasuwa. Duk da haka, harshen ba shi da sassauci sosai, kuma yakamata ku kiyaye wannan yayin zabar yaren da ya dace don haɓaka wayar hannu. Duk da haka, idan ra'ayin ku yana da rikitarwa sosai, ya kamata ka zabi wani yare madadin aikin.

Hakanan yana da sauƙin koya, kuma ba shi da wahala a fara. Ba dole ba ne ka san kowane lamba don farawa, kamar yadda zaku sami koyawa akan haɓaka Android a cikin Objective-C don Android. Kuna iya ma zazzage Objective-C don Android daga Shagon Google Play na hukuma. Wannan zai taimake ka ka koyi yaren da kuma sa aikace-aikacenka ya fi dacewa. Kuna iya fara rubuta naku apps yau!

Swift

Idan kai mai haɓakawa ne wanda ke aiki akan aikace-aikacen Android, Wataƙila kun yi mamakin ko ya kamata ku koyi yadda ake yin shiri a Swift ko Kotlin. Duk waɗannan harsunan shirye-shiryen biyu buɗaɗɗe ne kuma suna ƙara shahara, amma wanne ya kamata ku fara koya? Ƙara koyo game da duka biyu a cikin wannan labarin. Idan kun riga kun saba da Java, Hakanan zaka iya matsawa zuwa Swift. Amma idan kuna neman sabon abu, la'akari da koyon Kotlin da farko.

Harshen babban zaɓi ne don gina aikace-aikacen hannu. Yana da kyauta kuma bude tushen kuma yana aiki akan duka na'urorin Mac da iOS. Hakanan yana ba ku damar ba da gudummawa ga Swift Quellcode da zazzage binaries don Linux da OS X. Idan kuna sha'awar koyon yadda ake yin lamba a Swift, yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa harsunan shirye-shiryen suna kama da juna. Swift ya fi rikitarwa fiye da Manufar-C, amma ba shi yiwuwa a koya.

Dukansu Swift da Kotlin duka harsunan shirye-shirye ne a ƙididdige su, kuma ana amfani da su sosai a cikin iOS da Android apps. Kotlin ya kasance yana maye gurbin Java a matsayin yare mafi shahara don haɓaka app ɗin Android. Yana da cikakken jituwa tare da Java kuma ana haɓaka shi koyaushe. Amma bambance-bambance tsakanin Kotlin da Swift ba su da kyau, kuma ya kamata ku yi amfani da su kawai idan kun riga kun saba da Java. Hakanan zaka iya zaɓar koyon Kotlin idan kana neman madadin Swift ko Java.

Yayin da ya kamata ku koyi Swift zuwa code don Android, zai fi kyau idan kun riga kun san Java. Yanayin shirye-shirye na asali na Android yana amfani da masu tarawa na LLVM, don haka za a fassara lambar Swift ɗinku kamar kowane lambar C/C++. Baya ga wannan, Hakanan zaka iya sake amfani da kayan aikin haɓaka C/C++, irin su ƙananan matakan gyara kurakurai da kayan aikin bayanin martaba. Za ku so ku san menene waɗannan harsunan saboda an rubuta su duka don manufa ɗaya: don haɓaka aikace-aikacen Android!

Masu haɓaka Android za su iya zaɓar kowane yaren shirye-shiryen da ya dace da bukatunsu. Swift shine yaren shirye-shirye mafi shahara ga iOS, amma kuma yaren shirye-shirye ne mai ƙarfi ga Android. Bambanci a cikin harsunan shirye-shirye, da kuma dandalin da suke gudanarwa, suna da mahimmanci. IOS app ci gaban ya fi dacewa ga duka dandamali, amma Swift gabaɗaya ya fi sauƙi ga masu shirye-shirye su koya. Fa'idodin yarukan biyu sun cancanci tsarin koyo. Wannan labarin ya bayyana bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin harsuna biyu, kuma yana ba da kyakkyawan ra'ayi na wane harshe ya fi dacewa da takamaiman bukatunku.

IOS apps suna sassauƙa, kuma ana iya keɓance su don biyan bukatunku. Swift babban zaɓi ne don irin wannan ci gaban. Marubuta suna bibiyar ku ta hanyar gaba ɗaya tsari mataki-mataki, bayar da misalai masu amfani da kuma guje wa tarzoma a hanya. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da sharuɗɗan lasisi da jagororin lasisi na iOS, kuma koyi game da buƙatun tsarin amincewa da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idar Apple. Idan ka zabi wannan hanya, za ku yi kyau kan hanyarku don yin ingantaccen app.