Yadda Ake shirye-shirye a kan app na Android

Idan ya zo ga yin kayan aikin Android, Koyon yare na dama yana da mahimmanci. Hanyoyin daidaitattun hanyoyin don bunkasa waɗannan apps suna da ƙarfi kuma suna iyakance masu shirye-shirye’ yanci. Ana amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin don ƙirƙirar apps mai sauƙi, Amma idan kuna son canza su, Dole ne ku koyi lambar Java da fasaha san-yaya.

Java

Shirye-shirye na Android app ba aiki mai sauƙi ba ne, kuma yana buƙatar zurfin fahimta game da java. Na fatan, Akwai kayan gini-kayan aikin da zai iya taimakawa tare da tsarin ci gaba. Idan baku saba da Java ba, Jagorar mai farawa zuwa yaren na iya taimaka muku.

Wannan jagorar ta rufe mahimman batutuwan da zaku buƙaci ƙirƙirar apps na ƙwararru akan Android. Ko dai kawai na fara fita ko kuma son cikakken gabatarwa zuwa yaren, Android-aikace-aikace-aikace-aikace-aikace a cikin Java zai taimaka muku gina da kuma ƙaddamar da ƙwararrun kayan aikin ku na farko. Ko kuna aiki tare da app guda ko aikace-aikacen wayar hannu wanda ke nufin da a cikin masu amfani da yawa, Android-aikace-shirye-aikace-aikace-aikace a cikin java shine hanya madaidaiciya. Wannan littafin kuma yana ba da horo na kan layi da samun dama fiye da 200 amintattun abokan karawa.

Apps Apps suna da kayan haɗin daban-daban. Bangaren daya shine Shareactionprovider. Wannan bangaren zai ba ku damar raba abubuwan cikin aikace-aikacen ku. Kuna iya saita ɓangarorin ShareComity a cikin aikin Android, sannan kayi amfani da Shareachovrovode don aika bayanai daga wani aiki zuwa wani.

Kotlin

Idan kuna ƙoƙarin koyon yadda ake tsara aikace-aikacen Android, kuna so ku koyi Kotlin. Yare ne mai sassauƙa sosai kuma Android Studio yana tallafawa. Idan kana neman hanyar haɓaka ƙa'idodi cikin sauri da sauƙi, Kotlin ita ce hanyar da za a bi.

Kotlin ya tattara zuwa Java bytecode, Don haka aikace-aikacenku zai yi kama da Java kamar na Java. Ya dace da AVDs, wanda ke nufin zaku iya shigar da aikace-aikacen Kotlin ba tare da sake rubuta aikace-aikacen da kuke da su ba. Don farawa, kawai ƙirƙiri sabon fayil na Kotlin ta Sarrafa-danna kundin adireshin ku sannan zaɓi “Sabuwar Ayyukan Kotlin”.

Bayan kun shigar da Kotlin, ya kamata ka share java directory. Aikace-aikacen Kotlin za su gudana akan dandamalin Android kamar aikace-aikacen Java. Idan baku saba da Kotlin ba, zaku iya saukar da manhajar Android Studio don koyon yadda ake tsara shi.

Wani kyakkyawan zaɓi don shirye-shiryen aikace-aikacen Android shine XML, harshe mai alama. Wannan ya fi Java sassauci kuma zaku iya rubuta app ɗinku a cikin XML, loda shi zuwa na'urorin Android, kuma gwada shi a cikin yanayi na ainihi. Bugu da kari, Wayoyin hannu na Android suna da ma'ajiyar ciki don fayiloli da ƙananan bayanai.

Manufar-C

Objective-C shine ɗayan yarukan shirye-shirye masu ƙarfi don Android. Duk da yake ba shi da ƙarfi kamar Swift, yana da sauƙin koya kuma ana iya amfani dashi don ƙirƙirar ƙa'idodi masu sauri. Idan kana neman koyon yadda ake yin code for Android, ya kamata ka fara da Manufar-C. Akwai darussan kan layi da yawa waɗanda zasu taimaka muku farawa.

Kuna iya koyan Manufar-C ta ​​bin aikin misali. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da Objective-C don ƙirƙirar wasan ku. Manufar-C yana tallafawa da duka iPhone da Android NDK, kuma zaka iya amfani dashi don kiran lambar C. Hakanan zaka iya samun kyakkyawan aikin Android.

Android yana ba da tsarin aikace-aikace na aikace-aikace da ɗakunan karatu api waɗanda ke sa sauƙi a kirkirar da kayan aikin musamman da wasanni. Yayin da sauri shine yare mai farawa, Manufar-C shine yare mai ƙarfi ga Android da masu haɓaka na iOS. Hukuncinsa na sauri, karewa, Kuma yanayin rashin ma'amala na rashin daidaituwa yana da mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar aikace-aikacen masu amfani da masu amfani. Yayin da sauri da makasudin biyu, Yana da mahimmanci a san wanne zai fi dacewa da bukatunku.

Banda saurin sauri da c, Apple kuma yana ba da sauri. Dole ne a shigar da yanayin ƙirar XCODE a kan Mac ko kwamfutar Apple. MacBooks sune kwamfutocin da aka ba da shawarar don shigar da Xcode. Don samun dama ga asusun Apple Developer, za ku buƙaci yin rajista da adireshin imel ɗin ku kuma ku biya 82 EUR a shekara.

Swift

Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban don koyan Swift don Android. Hanya ɗaya ita ce ta yin rajista don kwas ɗin kan layi. Wasu darussa na kyauta za su ba ku tushen harshe, yayin da wasu za su gabatar da batutuwan da suka ci gaba. Akwai kuma da dama kostenpflichtig darussa samuwa. Idan kai gogaggen mai tsara shirye-shirye ne, Hakanan zaka iya koyan yin lamba a cikin Swift.

Ko kuna son koyon yaren don Android, iOS, ko duka biyun, dole ne ka fara fahimtar bambance-bambancen fasaha tsakanin waɗannan dandamali. An taƙaita waɗannan bambance-bambance a cikin tebur da ke ƙasa. Yayinda yake iya zama kamar zai fi dacewa a ƙirƙiri wasu kayan adon mutum biyu daban-daban don shirya kowane dandamali, Wannan ba koyaushe ne mafi kyawun zaɓi ba. Bayani daya zai iya tsallake-kan shirye-shirye, In ba haka ba ne ake sani da rubutu sau ɗaya kuma yana gudana ko'ina.

Baya ga swift, Hakanan zaka iya amfani da wasu yarukan don ci gaban Android. Misali, za ka iya amfani da Java, C++, ko python don ƙirƙirar appnroid app. Dukkanin waɗannan yaruka suna ba ku damar ƙirƙirar nau'ikan apps daban-daban. Kuna iya koyon yadda ake amfani da su ta amfani da koyawa da sauran albarkatu.

XML string

XML shine ɗayan abubuwan da aka fi amfani da su a cikin ci gaban app na Android. Amfanin sa sun hada da kasancewa dandamali-masu zaman kanta da mai amfani. A cikin wannan labarin, Za mu iya duba wannan sanannun tsarin. Takaddun XML sune tsarin tushe iri iri tare da abubuwa da yawa, ko tushen abubuwan. Kowane bangare na iya samun ƙimar da yawa, ko masu canji.

Kirtani shine na'urar adana bayanai na XML-Zechent, Kuma kowane sel a cikin littattafai ya ƙunshi kashi. Ana kiran wannan kashi, Kuma ya ƙunshi bayani game da kayan aikin kuɗi. XML-Strings an sanya shi kuma an nuna shi zuwa mai amfani ta amfani da Dom-Schnittslelle.

Za'a iya karanta XML-aktientientit tare da sabon hanyar daxlaktaktience. Wannan hanyar ta yi magana da XML-kirtani kuma ya dawo da tsararren tsararren bayanan da suka dace. An zartar da wannan zuwa hanyar Onpostexecute, wanda aka kira shi ta atomatik lokacin da aikin asychronous ya gama.

Hanyar Rayuwa

A cikin Livencycle-Metode don shirye-shiryen bidiyo na Android, Kowane aiki yana farawa da ƙarewa. Android yayi amfani da wannan rayuwar don sarrafa albarkatu kuma tabbatar da cewa aikace-aikacen ya amsa da sauri zuwa bukatar mai amfani. Aikace-aikacen da ba sa bin tsarin rayuwa galibi suna ba da ƙwarewar mai amfani mara kyau kuma suna cinye albarkatu ba dole ba.

A cikin aikin Android, da oppause() ana kiran hanyar lokacin da aikin ya tsaya ko kuma ya ƙare. Ana amfani da wannan hanyar don adana bayanai a cikin aikace-aikacen, rijista masu sauraro, da kuma jawo sabuntawar UI. Ana kuma kiransa lokacin da mai amfani ya danna maɓallin gida.

Hanyar Rayuwa-Hanyar rayuwa muhimmin bangare ne na shirye-shiryen aikace-aikacen Android. A lokacin canji a cikin tsari, Yanayin Ayyukan aiki yana canzawa. Wannan yana canza aikin aikace-aikacen. Saboda haka, Android tana da API ɗin da aka keɓe don adana yanayi yayin canje-canjen sanyi.

Hanyar rayuwa don shirye-shiryen aikace-aikacen Android yana ba ku damar farawa da dakatar da Ayyuka. Ana iya fara aiki ta kowane aiki da aka yiwa rajista akan na'urar. Yawancin aikace-aikacen za su sami takamaiman aiki. Lokacin da App baya aiki, Android os na iya ƙoƙarin sake kunna shi a cikin ayyukanta na ƙarshe. Idan wannan bai faru ba, OS na iya dakatar da aikin kuma ya kwankanta ƙwaƙwalwar sa.

Google App Cirunsar

Kamfanin App Ciruntar shine kayan aikin gani na gani wanda zai baka damar bunkasa da tura aikace-aikacen Android. Aikin girgije ne wanda dole ne ka yi amfani da asusun Google. Kayan aiki ne mai mahimmanci don masu haɓaka Android. Yana ba ku damar gina da tura aikace-aikacen biyu masu sauƙin aiki.

Ana samun ingirƙirar App a matsayin sauke kyauta don kwamfutoci da na'urorin hannu. Da zarar an sauke, Za ku iya tsara software don dacewa da bukatunku. Don amfani da App Ciruntar, Bude mai binciken gidan yanar gizo kuma danna maɓallin Compundor ɗin a cikin kusurwar dama. Na gaba, Shiga cikin asusun Google. A cikin App Inventor, Daga nan zaku ga shafi wanda yake nuna ayyukanku.

Inventor Google App ya kirkira ta hanyar Hal Abelson, Injiniyan software a Google Lags. Yana da hangen nesa game da yin ci gaban waya na Android ya fi sauƙi ga matsakaicin mai amfani. Makasudin shine ƙirƙirar kyauta, Kayan aiki mai amfani da abokantaka wanda zai taimaka wa masu haɓaka Android Gina manyan apps ba tare da taimakon mahalli masu tsada ba.

Mai amfani da mai amfani da mai amfani da zane na kirkire yana ba ku damar bincika kuma wajen gina aikace-aikacen ta amfani da kayan ginannun abubuwa da tubalan hankali. Bayan gina app, Kuna iya gwada shi a kan injin-wane matattarar don ganin yadda yake aiki da menene ayyukan da take yi.