Peb npaj koj qhov kev pom! Kev ua tau zoo nrog ONMA scout android app kev txhim kho yog lav.
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Muaj ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm iOS thiab Android kev txhim kho. Hauv iOS, apps yog tsim nrog Xcode, ib hom lus programming tsim rau Swift thiab Objective-C. Android, ntawm qhov tod tes, tso cai rau koj muaj kev ywj pheej ntau dua. Muaj ntau ntau versions ntawm Android, thiab koj yuav tsum siv cov software tsim nyog los tsim koj cov apps.
Yog tias koj tab tom nrhiav OOPS cov lus los tsim Android apps, Tej zaum koj yuav xav sim Object Pascal. Nws yog qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm Pascal programming lus uas txhawb nqa cov phiaj xwm taw qhia thiab muab tso ua ke rau hauv cov cai ib txwm muaj. Object Pascal yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov neeg tsim khoom vim nws yog ob qho tib si hloov tau thiab yooj yim kawm. Koj tuaj yeem pom ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm Object Pascal rau ntau lub platforms. Object Pascal yog qhov chaw qhib thiab yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau cov pib tshiab.
Object Pascal muaj cov kab ke muaj zog thiab ntau yam sib txuam, suav nrog cov dej num, yav tom ntej, thiab cov kab hauv qab. Cov lus no kuj yog extensible heev. Nws yog Ameslikas tsim rau ib qho kev pab cuam hu ua MacApp, uas yog lub khoos phis tawj uas tuaj yeem txhawb nqa ntau yam kev siv sib txawv. Nws cov nta kuj tso cai rau polymorphism, khoom qub txeeg qub teg, kaw, thiab dependence txhaj. Nws kuj tseem txhawb nqa cov ntaub ntawv zoo heev thiab suav nrog ntau lwm yam lus zoo li.
Object Pascal yog ib hom lus muaj zog thiab siv dav siv. Nws tsis suav hais tias yog hom lus tshaj tawm thiab ua haujlwm zoo nrog ntau qhov chaw tsim kho niaj hnub no. Qhov tseeb, nws txawm siv hauv IDEs xws li Lazarus thiab Castle Game Engine11. Ob qho tib si ib puag ncig no tau sib xws nrog Android thiab iOS. Yog tias koj xav sim Object Pascal rau Android kev txhim kho, koj tuaj yeem rub tawm cov lus pub dawb los yog sim ib qho ntawm ntau qhov kev lag luam-muaj Object Pascal compilers.
Object Pascal kuj txhawb kev zam. Koj tuaj yeem siv built-in kev zam lossis txhais koj tus kheej. Koj kuj siv tau cov pab hauv chav kawm (Zoo ib yam li cov cwj pwm hauv Smalltalk thiab Extension Methods hauv C #), uas cia koj ntxiv txoj hauv kev rau cov chav kawm uas twb muaj lawm. Ntxiv mus, nws txhawb Generics, uas tso cai rau koj los txhais cov chav kawm uas siv rau ntau yam khoom.
Kev tsim kho rau Android yog yooj yim dua nrog Java. Cov lus yooj yim kawm thiab tau tsim nrog cov programmer tshiab hauv siab. Siv Java rau Android kev txhim kho txhais tau hais tias koj tuaj yeem tsim cov apps sai dua thiab siv nyiaj tsawg dua rau cov peev txheej kawm. Koj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nrog cov neeg tsim khoom paub txog thiab vam khom lawv cov kev txawj ntse.
Rau Android kev txhim kho, Java yog hom lus nyiam siv. Koj tuaj yeem pom cov lus qhia txog Java ntawm no: Java Programming Fundamentals. Nws yuav qhia koj cov hauv paus ntawm cov lus thiab qhia koj yuav ua li cas los tsim ib qho Android app. Siv qhov kev qhia no, koj tuaj yeem tsim koj thawj Android app tsis muaj sijhawm! Muaj ntau ntau lwm yam kev qhia muaj nyob online uas yuav pab tau koj pib.
Hauv kev txhim kho Android, kev ua ub no yog lub plawv ntawm daim ntawv thov. Txhua qhov haujlwm yog nplooj ntawv tshuaj ntsuam uas koj mus rau los ntawm txhaj rau nws. Hauv Java, koj yuav tsim ib chav kawm hu ua MainActivity, uas yog subclass ntawm Android chav kawm Kev Ua Si. Nws yuav yog lub ntsiab lus nkag rau koj lub app thiab muaj cov txheej txheem xws li lub ntsiab() thiab onCreate().
Java yog ib hom lus yooj yim tshaj plaws los kawm. Cov lus yog thawj zaug tsim los ntawm James Gosling ntawm Sun Microsystems, uas tom qab tau yuav los ntawm Oracle. Tam sim no nws tau siv dav thoob ntiaj teb. Qhov no yog ib hom lus zoo heev rau kev tsim cov ntawv thov mobile. Yog tias koj yog tus tsim tawm lub vev xaib uas xav kawm Android kev txhim kho, Koj yuav tsum xav txog kev siv Ionic. Nws cov tsev qiv ntawv thiab cov cuab yeej ua kom yooj yim los tsim ib qho yooj yim, sib tham sib app.
Rau Android kev txhim kho hauv Java, koj tuaj yeem siv dab noj hnub. Qhov qhib qhov IDE no muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb, suav nrog kev debugging. Koj tuaj yeem siv Kotlin. Kotlin compiles rau bytecode zoo li Java ua.
Google tsis ntev los no tshaj tawm tias nws yuav hloov Android kev txhim kho rau Kotlin. Cov lus programming tshiab yog hom lus statically uas khiav ntawm Java virtual tshuab. Google txhawb kom cov neeg tsim khoom siv Kotlin rau Android app kev txhim kho thiab tau hloov kho Android Studio kom tso cai rau cov neeg tsim khoom siv..
Kotlin yog hom lus muaj zog uas tso cai rau cov neeg tsim khoom ua kom cov ntawv thov sai dua. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau ntau yam haujlwm thiab suav nrog Java bytecode. Nws muaj cov syntax intuitive uas ua rau nws yooj yim rau cov neeg tsim khoom sau cov lej thiab tswj nws yooj yim dua. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Android daim ntawv thov.
Thaum Kotlin tsis muaj zog li Java, muaj qee qhov zoo rau kev siv nws rau Android app txhim kho. Nws yooj yim rau kev nkag siab thiab muab cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv, uas yuav pab tau yog tias koj xav hloov pauv sai. Lwm qhov zoo dua ntawm Kotlin yog nws qhov sib txuam siab. Tsis zoo li Java, nws tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov ntawv hla platform.
Java tau dav siv rau cov ntawv thov desktop, tab sis Kotlin tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam nrog cov neeg tsim khoom ua haujlwm ntawm Android apps. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, ntau Android-Entwicklungsteams yog tsim los ntawm cov programmers tshiab uas tej zaum yuav tsis paub zoo hauv Java. Qhov no txhais tau tias lawv tuaj yeem ua tiav cov haujlwm yooj yim yam tsis tas siv nyiaj ntau ntawm kev cob qhia. Ntxiv rau, lawv tuaj yeem siv cov txuj ci ntawm cov kws paub txog kev tsim tawm raws li qhov tsim nyog.
Kotlin yog hom lus statically-typed uas muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntaus ntawv zoo heev. Nws tiv thaiv tsis xav ntaus ntawv los ntawm kev siv Hom Inference los txheeb xyuas qhov sib txawv. Nws kuj txhawb kev ua haujlwm xws li sib npaug(), hashCode(), thiab toString(), thiab tso cai rau cov neeg tsim khoom los zerate Cov Chav Kawm.
Cov neeg tsim khoom hauv Android uas xav tsim cov ntawv thov mobile yuav tsum kawm txog Gradle rau Android kev txhim kho. Cov software no muab lub zog CI / CD ua haujlwm uas tso cai rau cov neeg tsim khoom tsim thiab khiav lawv cov ntawv thov nrog kev ntseeg siab. Nws kuj muab ib qho yooj yim-rau-siv editor rau sau code in.xml thiab.java cov ntaub ntawv.
Cov software no tso cai rau koj los tsim cov ntawv thov Android hauv ntau txoj hauv kev, suav nrog java thiab xml cov ntaub ntawv. Nws cov yam ntxwv muaj zog tso cai rau koj los tsim cov ntawv thov nyuaj nrog yooj yim. Nws kuj tseem pab koj tsim cov txheej txheem tsim kom zoo ib yam. Los ntawm kev ua raws li cov kauj ruam rov qab siv tau, koj tuaj yeem tsim daim ntawv thov txhim khu kev qha thiab tswj tau.
Gradle yog qhov nrov tsim cov cuab yeej uas ua kom yooj yim rau txoj kev txhim kho hauv Android los ntawm kev tsim cov txheej txheem tsim, txuag koj ntau lub sijhawm thiab nyiaj txiag. Nws txhawb ntau pua ntawm Android txuas ntxiv thiab ua haujlwm nrog Java Development Kit. Nws yog dawb thiab qhib qhov chaw, thiab sib tw nrog lwm cov qauv tsim zoo xws li Apache Ant thiab Maven. Nws muaj ntawv tso cai nyob rau hauv Apache 2.0 daim ntawv tso cai.
Gradle txhawb nqa Maven repository, ua kom yooj yim tshaj tawm thiab tswj qhov project dependencies. Ntxiv thiab, nws tso cai rau koj los tsim ntau qhov project tsim, nrog rau lub hauv paus project thiab ib tug xov tooj ntawm subprojects. Gradle kuj txhawb kev tsim ib nrab. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias yog ib qhov project xav tau kev tsim kho dua tshiab, Gradle yuav rov tsim qhov project ua ntej sim tsim ib qho haujlwm ntxiv.
Android Open Source Project yog kev sib koom ua ke rau kev tsim software rau Android khoom siv. Nws yog qhov chaw qhib, uas txhais tau hais tias tus lej tuaj yeem siv los ntawm txhua lub chaw tsim khoom siv. Feem ntau cov tuam txhab tsis yog iPhone siv Android code hauv lawv cov khoom, suav nrog LG, Lub motorola, Samsung, thiab HTC. Lwm cov tuam txhab suav nrog OnePlus, Xiaomi, thiab Honour. Cov ntawv thov Android feem ntau yog muab faib ua hom APK.
Android yog qhov qhib qhov mobile operating system tsim los ntawm Google. Nws yog qhov qhib qhov project uas muab qhov chaws thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv los tsim kev cai versions ntawm lub platform, zoo li porting li mus rau lub platform. Lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj haujlwm yog los tsim kom muaj kev noj qab haus huv ecosystem rau ntau lab tus neeg siv Android uas siv lub platform.
Cov xov xwm zoo yog tias kev txhim kho Android yog qhov kev paub yooj yim los kawm. Lub platform yog yooj yim, thiab koj tuaj yeem nrhiav ntau yam kev pabcuam hauv online. Txawm li cas los, Qee qhov xwm txheej tuaj yeem txwv koj txoj haujlwm kev cia siab ua tus tsim tawm Android. Qhov muaj kev paub dhau los yog ib yam uas yuav txwv koj txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm, tab sis feem ntau hais lus, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav haujlwm ua tus tsim tawm Android yam tsis muaj kev paub dhau los.
Qhov qhib qhov xwm txheej ntawm Android kev txhim kho ua rau nws yooj yim rau txhua tus neeg uas muaj lub tswv yim los tsim lawv tus kheej Android app. Android yog ib lub platform nrov tshaj plaws rau kev txhim kho app. Nws kuj yog ib qho yooj yim mus use thiab hloov tau. Qhov ntawd ua rau nws xaiv txoj haujlwm zoo rau cov uas tsis muaj kev paub txog kev siv technology. Lub platform yog qhib-qhov software, uas tso cai rau koj los kho qhov layout thiab ntxiv cov yam ntxwv tsim nyog nyob ntawm koj lub hom phiaj cov neeg tuaj saib.