Ndi Zilankhulo Zotani Zomwe Zili Zabwino Kwambiri Pachitukuko cha Mapulogalamu a Android?

Ngati mwakhala mukuganiza zopanga pulogalamu ya Android, mwina mukuganiza ngati Java, C#, Kotlin, XML, kapena chinenero china chilichonse chokonzekera chingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mupeza mayankho a mafunso awa m'nkhaniyi. Musanayambe kulemba pulogalamu yanu, phunzirani zoyambira za aliyense. Ndiye, pitirirani ku mitu yapamwamba kwambiri. Kaya mukulemba pulogalamu yanu yoyamba yam'manja, kapena ngati mukugwira ntchito yofunikira pabizinesi, pali njira yopangira pulogalamu ya Android yomwe imakuthandizani.

Java

Kuphunzira kulemba ma code mu Java ndi gawo lofunikira pakupanga pulogalamu ya Android. Java ndi chilankhulo champhamvu cha mapulogalamu chomwe chimalola opanga kupanga mapulogalamu omwe ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kulumikizana nawo. Chilankhulo chokonzekerachi chimathandizira opanga Android kupanga mapulogalamu pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya data, kuphatikizapo zingwe ndi manambala. Mapulogalamu a Android amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya data, zomwe zimafuna kumvetsetsa bwino chinenerocho. Kuti muphunzire Java pakukulitsa pulogalamu ya Android, yambani pophunzira zoyambira zamapangidwe a data.

Phindu linanso lofunikira pakuphunzira Java pakukula kwa pulogalamu ya android ndikuti chilankhulocho chili ndi laibulale yayikulu yamapangidwe osasinthika.. Laibulale iyi imapatsa omanga maziko olimba omwe angapangire mapulogalamu awo. Izi zimathandiza opanga kupanga mapulogalamu ovuta popanda kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu ena mosavuta. Java imaperekanso maziko olimba opangira mapulogalamu am'manja, kupanga kukhala kosavuta kupanga mapulogalamu omwe angakule ndi zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito anu.

Ngati mukukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito Java pakupanga pulogalamu ya Android, muyenera kudziwa kuti chinenerocho sichaulere. Oracle ikukonzekera kusintha mtundu wake wa chilolezo cha Java mu 2019 ndipo sizidzalolanso opanga kugwiritsa ntchito chinenerochi kwaulere. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira ina ya Java, monga Kotlin, zomwe ndi zaulere kugwiritsa ntchito. Komabe, ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito Java pakupanga pulogalamu ya Android, ndikofunikira kupeza malangizo azamalamulo.

C#

Ngati mukuyang'ana kupanga pulogalamu ya Android, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito C#. Chilankhulo cholozera chinthuchi chikufanana ndi Java koma chili ndi mawu osavuta. Ilinso chilankhulo cha Windows chokha. Ubwino wake umaphatikizapo mawonekedwe osavuta kumva, njira yosavuta yophunzirira, ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Komabe, ngati mukufuna kupanga masewera ovuta kwambiri, mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito C ++.

Mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito Kotlin kupanga mapulogalamu a Android. Kotlin ndi chiyankhulo chojambulidwa mokhazikika chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito Java Virtual Machine (JVM). Amapereka mawu oyera komanso achidule a code, kuzipangitsa kukhala zodziwika pakati pa opanga mapulogalamu a Android. Chilankhulo cha mapulogalamu a Java ndicho chakale kwambiri pa zilankhulo zonse zazikulu zamapulogalamu, koma ikadali chisankho chodziwika chifukwa cha laibulale yake yayikulu komanso kuthekera kophatikiza. Kotlin adapangidwa ndi JetBrains, kampani yomwe imapanga Java.

Zoyipa zodziwika bwino pakukula kwa Android ndikusowa kwake kowongolera ndi malangizo. Kugawikana kwa zida za Android kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuthetsa pulogalamu yaumbanda iliyonse. Mutha kupezanso kuti zina zimaphwanya ma patent kapena malamulo ena. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti ogwiritsa ntchito Android ali ndi malipiro ochepa kusiyana ndi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito iOS. Choncho, ndikofunikira kukumbukira mbali izi popanga pulogalamu ya Android. Ngati mukuganiza zophunzira C # pakukula kwa pulogalamu ya Android, ndi bwino kuyamba ndi ntchito yaing'ono.

Kotlin

Mwina mudamvapo za Kotlin pakupanga pulogalamu ya Android, koma mukutsimikiza kuti mukufuna kuyesa? Pali zabwino zambiri zophunzirira Kotlin. Sikuti amangopereka chinenero chamakono chamakono, ilinso ndi nsikidzi zochepa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pulogalamu yanu ifika pamsika mwachangu ndipo ikhala yokhazikika. Kotlin imathandizidwa mwalamulo pa Android ndi Google. Kuwonjezera pa kukhala kosavuta kuphunzira, ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa Java.

Java ikadali chilankhulo chodziwika bwino cha pulogalamu ya Android, koma Kotlin akupeza kutchuka pakati pa omanga. Its compatibility with Java and Objective C means that you will be able to use it without worrying about language-specific issues. This means you will save time on bug-testing and quality assurance, and can focus on creating high-quality apps with less effort. Kuphatikiza apo, Kotlin can be more efficient than Java, which means you will be able to use less of your precious time to develop Android apps.

One of the biggest advantages of Kotlin for Android app development is its rapid adoption. Because Kotlin is easy to learn and maintain, it’s becoming the language of choice for many developers. Pamenepo, it’s the fastest growing programming language in the market, right after Swift. Kuphatikiza apo, you can use all of Android’s libraries, including data binding, annotation processing, ndi zina. Kotlin ikhoza kukuthandizani kupanga mapulogalamu mwachangu kuposa kale, ndipo mutha kuzigwiritsa ntchito mwachangu komanso moyenera.

XML

XML ndi chilankhulo cholembera chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapulogalamu a Android. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulenga, kapangidwe, ndi kusanthula deta. Fomu iyi idapangidwa koyambirira kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pa intaneti. Zopepuka zake, zowonjezera, ndi mawu osavuta amapangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino pakukula kwa mafoni. Opanga mapulogalamu a Android akulimbikitsidwa kuti aphunzire XML kuti apange pulogalamu yopambana. Nazi zina mwazifukwa zogwiritsira ntchito XML mu polojekiti yanu yotsatira ya Android.

Masanjidwe a Android amalembedwa mu XML ndipo amatanthauzira mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe a ogwiritsa ntchito. Fayilo ya masanjidwe iyenera kukhala ndi mizu, monga gulu la View, zomwe zimayimira chinthu cholumikizira. ViewGroups, zomwe zimayimira zotengera za mawonekedwe a chinthu cha View, ndi subclass of View. XML ili ngati database, kupatula ilibe nkhani wamba wa HTML ndi CSS. A View chinthu ndi malo amakona anayi pa zenera. XML ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauzira masanjidwe ndi kukula kwa chinthu chilichonse cha View.

Zambiri za XML zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamapulogalamu a Android kuti kusaka kukhale koyenera komanso kusintha kusinthana kwa data. Kugwiritsa ntchito XML pakukula kwa pulogalamu ya Android kuli kofanana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wamba wa fayilo posinthana data. Kuphatikiza apo, imapereka chidziwitso cha data, kupanga kusaka ndi kusinthanitsa kwa data mwanzeru. Zoyambira zake zimayambira masiku oyambirira a Android, ndipo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake m'makampani osindikizira kwasintha. Kugwiritsa ntchito XML pakupanga mapulogalamu a Android sikophweka komanso kothandiza koma kudzakuthandizani kupanga mapulogalamu ochita bwino.

Kugawikana

M'dziko lachitukuko cha Android, fragmentation is a technique for dividing an activity into smaller chunks. These chunks are called fragments and live in the ViewGroup of the host Activity. Fragments can provide the appearance of a certain element in XML or Java. They also override the onCreateView method to link their appearance with the activity. There are three key methods that a fragment must implement.

Mu Android app chitukuko, you can create fragments of your activity, each of which consists of a user interface component. Fragments can be static or dynamic, and you can use either one to create the look and feel of your application. Here is a sample activity, which displays two fragments for handsets and tablets. You can use a placeholder class such as FrameLayout to create a Fragment for your activity.

The fragment method is also useful for customizing your action bar. It is possible to dynamically add and remove fragments, and its lifecycle is directly affected by the activity’s lifecycle. Fragments also have a unique lifecycle, so you should be aware of this when developing your application. Fragments are also easy to maintain because they can be added and removed from the activity dynamically. Komanso, fragments allow you to use different screens and layouts.

Linux Kernel

One way to develop apps for Android is to use the Linux Kernel. A Linux kernel is the core of a Linux operating system. It is a system of processes that manage access to resources, such as sensors. These processes are called the init process, and they are responsible for initializing the execution environment, creating links and file systems, and setting up services such as selinux. To use the Linux Kernel in an Android app, you must first learn about its architecture.

It is important to understand the differences between Android’s hardware architecture and Linux kernels. Since the two are very different, the kernel will differ. Some hardware may have proprietary drivers. This can make developing apps for Android difficult. While this isn’t a common problem, learning how to use the Linux Kernel can give developers an edge when developing apps. It is also important to note that the Linux kernel supports many different architectures.

Linux Kernel updates have long been a source of controversy. While some users cite the need to avoid recompile the OS on their phone, others have argued that these kernels may lead to a security breach. Ngati ndi choncho, it might be better to use a generic kernel. Google is also introducing a new framework called GKI that will allow the Android framework to run on devices that don’t have hardware-specific software.