Maitiro ekugadzirisa Android Apps

Kana iwe uchida kudzidza kugadzira Android apps, iwe unofanirwa kuziva nzira yekunyora Java, Chinangwa-C kana Swift. Iwe unozofanirwawo kunzwisisa kuti ShareActionProvider inoshanda sei. Verenga kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve Java programming mutauro. Chikamu chinotevera chechinyorwa chino chinotsanangura maitiro ekunyora ShareActionProvider kodhi.

Java

Kugadzira Android app kunogona kuve basa rakaoma, kunyanya kana iwe usina ruzivo rwekuronga. Sezvineiwo, kune akawanda maturusi aripo ekukubatsira iwe kuti zviroto zvako app zviitike. Iwe unogona kushandisa muvaki weapp kuita kuti maitiro ave nyore uye nekukurumidza. Zvishandiso izvi zvinosanganisira kudhonza-uye-kudonhedza nzvimbo uye zvinokubatsira iwe kugadzira maapplication zviri nyore. Vanokubvumirawo kuti uwedzere mifananidzo nyore nyore, mavhidhiyo, maps, nezvimwe.

Chekutanga, unozofanirwa kunyoresa semugadziri weAndroid. Unogona kuita izvi nekubhadhara mari yenguva imwe chete kuGoogle. Kana wangonyoresa, unogona kutanga kugadzira uye kugadzira Android apps. Kana mapurogiramu ako agadzirira kutengeswa, unogona kuzvitumira paGoogle Play chitoro uye kuita mari nekuzvitengesa. Google inotora gadziriro kubva kune chero kutengesa kwemaapuro ako. Iwe zvakare unozoda iyo Android SDK kuti utange kugadzira maapplication ako. Paunenge wawana izvi, unogona kutanga kugadzira uye kuvandudza maapplication ako ekutanga nekukurumidza.

Kana iwe uchida kugadzira nyanzvi Android app, unofanira kudzidza kushandisa Java. Pane zvakasiyana-siyana zvekudzidzisa zviripo. Wokutanga, Android app programming muJava, isumo yakanaka yemutauro. Iyo inovhara zvese zvakakosha zvehunyanzvi kuvandudza app.

Chinangwa-C

Hazvina kuoma kudaro kugadzira Android app kana uine ruzivo rwekutanga hurongwa uye maturusi chaiwo. Kune akawanda maturusi epamhepo anokubatsira kushandura mazano kuita anoshanda maapplication, kusanganisira vagadziri veapp. Zvisinei, kana iwe usina ruzivo rwunodiwa, zvichida zvakanakisisa kuhaya nyanzvi.

Usati watanga kuronga app yako, iwe unofanirwa kuzvijaira iwe neakasiyana masisitimu ekushandisa uye mitauro yemapurogiramu. Uyezve, unofanirwa kudzidza mutauro wekutanga weAndroid. Sezvineiwo, kune mapurogiramu anowanikwa kune ese Apple's iOS uye Android masisitimu anoshanda. Zvakakosha kujairana nemusiyano uripo pakati pemitauro miviri iyi yekuronga kuitira kuti uzive zvekutarisira kubva pane zvabuda..

Objective-C mutauro wakatarisana nechinhu wakafanana neC uye une dynamic runtime environment. Wakanga uri mutauro unonyanya kushandiswa pakuvandudza iOS app Swift isati yaunzwa.

Swift

Paunotanga kukodha kune nharembozha, danho rokutanga nderekudzidza mutauro wemapurogiramu chaiwo. Unogona kushandisa Java, C#, HTML, CSS, kana kunyange JavaScript, asi kuoma kweprojekiti yako kunozoratidza kuti ndeupi mutauro waunofanira kudzidza. Zvichienderana nepuratifomu uye kuti unoda kushandisa sei app yako, ungangodawo kushandisa misimboti yakasiyana uye maraibhurari.

Swift mutauro mutsva wekuronga, yakaunzwa makore mashoma apfuura, uye inoshandiswa kugadzira iOS uye Android apps. Iyo nyowani yekuvandudza kosi yekudzidza ine chinangwa chekudzidzisa iwe ins uye kunze kweSwift uye manyorero ekunyorera ese ari maviri. Iyo kosi ichakuzivisa iwe kune ekutanga maficha eSwift uye inokudzidzisa maitiro ekunyora Android App. Ichakuratidzawo maitiro ekutakura iOS chirongwa ku Android uye kugadzira muchinjiko-chikuva App.

Usati watanga kukodha, iwe uchafanirwa kudhawunirodha Android SDK. Unogona kudhawunirodha izvi kubva kuGoogle Play Vagadziri uye woiisa pane chero komputa. Paunenge watora iyo SDK, unogona kutanga kuvaka Android application. Iwe unozoda iyo Google Play Developers account. Unogona kunyoresa kune imwe ye $25 USD uye bhadhara nekadhi rechikwereti. Iwe unogona zvakare kutanga kudzidza kuronga uchishandisa mutauro wechirongwa seJava kuburikidza nekosi yemahara yepamhepo seSoloLearn.

ShareActionProvider

ShareActionProvider kirasi inokwidziridza kupindirana kwemenu zvikamu muAroid apps. Inogona kuunza dynamic submenus uye kuita zviito zvakajairwa. Unogona kuzivisa kirasi iyi mune yako app yeXML menyu sosi faira. ShareActionProvider ine basa rekugadzira iwo anogovaniswa maonero muapp yako.

Mushure mekuisa ShareActionProvider, Chikumbiro chako chinofanira kukwanisa kugovera zvemukati nemamwe maapuro eAroid. Izvi zvinoitwa nekutumira ACTION_SEND-Intent. Kana izvi zvapera, chiito chichadzokera kune yako Android app. Iri inhanho yakakosha mune Android app yekuvandudza maitiro.

Kutanga Android app kuvandudza, iwe unofanirwa kuziva izvo zvekutanga zveAroid-Apps. Android yakakurumbira mobile OS. Ine raibhurari yakakura yezvishandiso zvekuvandudza, kusanganisira Android Studio. Unogona kuwana akati wandei mameseji uye vhidhiyo tutorials kuti ikubatsire kutanga. Zvakare, unogona kujoina CHIP foramu yekutsinhana mazano nevamwe vanogadzira uye kubvunza mibvunzo.

Paunenge uchinge uine pfungwa yezvakakosha zve Android app kuvandudza, unogona kuenda kuShareActionProvider. Raibhurari iyi inoita kuti utumire zviziviso kune vashandisi vako nemitsara mishoma yekodhi.

Object-Oriented Programming

Object-Oriented programming chinhu chakakosha pakuvaka Android apps. Iyi nzira inoshandisa makirasi kuchengetedza data uye kuita mashandiro paari. Izvi zvakasiyana pane zvakakosha nzira, iyo inoshandisa runyoro rwemirairo. Pane kudaro, zvinhu zvinogona kuchengetwa mudhatabhesi uye zvinogona kushandiswa kumiririra data nenzira dzakasiyana.

Java ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa-inomisikidzwa-yakatarisana nemutauro wechirongwa unoshandiswa kugadzira Android maapplication. Mutauro wakagadzirwa neSun Microsystems mukati 1995 uye yave iyo default programming mutauro weiyo Android platform. Mutauro wakakurumbira wakanangana nechinhu une zvakawanda zvakanakira. Zviri nyore kudzidza uye zviri nyore kuendesa kubva kune imwe komputa ichienda kune imwe. Iyo zvakare ine kusimba kunoita kuti ive mutauro wesarudzo wekupa pasirese Internet mhinduro.

Chinangwa chikuru chechirongwa chakatarisana nechinhu ndechekuita zvirongwa modular. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kushandisa akawanda mamodule kune zvinangwa zvakasiyana. Imwe module inogona kunge iine ruzivo rwekuita nepo imwe ichigona kuve neyakajeka interface. Imwe mukana wekushandisa nzira iyi ndeyekuti zvinhu zvitsva zvinogona kugadzirwa nekuchinja kudiki kune zvinhu zviripo. Iyi nzira inozivikanwa sepolymorphism. Iyi nzira inowanzoshandiswa muwebhu uye GUI programming.

Chiitiko Lifecycle Callbacks

Chiito cheLifecycle Callbacks muAroid apps chinokutendera kuti utore shanduko yeruzivo muapp yako kubva kune imwe nyika kuenda kune imwe.. Kazhinji, chiitiko chichapinda mu “akatanga” state uyezve shanduko kuenda ku “akatangazve” kana “paused” mamiriro asati aparadzwa. Zvisinei, app yako inogona zvakare kufonera iyo onStop() nzira yekumisa chiitiko chisati chapera.

Chiitiko lifecycle callbacks inogona kushandiswa kubata zvimwe zviitiko zvehurongwa. Zviitiko izvi zvinogona kuitika kana mudziyo ukachinja magadzirirwo awo. Semuyenzaniso, mudziyo unogona kutenderera, izvo zvinomanikidza marongerwo eapp kuti achinje. Kana izvi zvaitika, iyo sisitimu inodzokorora Chiitiko uye inotakura zvimwe zviwanikwa.

Chiito Lifecycle callback nzira dzinokutendera iwe kudarika nzira uye ubate shanduko yenyika. Izvi zvinobatsira kana app yako ichiedza kuita mabasa akareba, sekuita kodhi. Zvisinei, nzira idzi dzinovharira UI tambo paunenge uchiita kodhi. Semagumo, unofanira kushandisa nzira idzi zvishoma.

Chinangwa-Yakatarisana Chirongwa mu Android Studio

Object-Oriented programming inzira yakanaka yekuronga kodhi yako. Zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuwana uye kunzwisisa zvauri kuedza kuita. Inoparadzanisawo code muzvidimbu zviduku, iyo inodzivirira kodhi kubva pakuva monolithic. Inokubatsirawo kugadzirisa kodhi yako zviri nyore.

Pfungwa huru yeOOP ndeyekuti zvese zvine chinhu, chikamu chine musoro chine mamiriro uye maitiro. Zvinhu izvi zvine nzira uye data zvakanamirwa pazviri. Zvinhu izvi zvinonziwo makirasi. The kirasi template inotsanangura hunhu hwechinhu. Chinhu chinogona kuva nemaitiro akawanda, senge kero, uye hunhu uhu hunogona kugarwa nhaka kubva kune zvimwe zvinhu.

Kunzwisisa chimiro cheJava chakanangana nechinhu kuchaita kuti zvive nyore kunyora kodhi inoshanda. Iwe unozodzidza nzira kwayo yekunyora yakatarisana nechinhu Java kodhi, uye iwe uchadzidza kugadzira makirasi, subclasses, uye interfaces. Iwe unozodzidza zvakare nezve mapakeji, ayo anobatsira pakugadzira maapplication anogona kushandiswa zvakare.

Refactoring zvishandiso mu Android Studio

Android Studio inopa yakakura seti yezve refactoring maturusi kurerutsa maitiro ekuvaka maapplication ako. Zvishandiso izvi zvinokutendera kuti uchinje yako sosi kodhi pasina kugadzirisa kodhi yeapp yako. Semuyenzaniso, unogona kutumidza nzira nekusarudza chishandiso chinoenderana uye wozoshandisa iyo-kurudyi menyu kusarudza Refactor. Iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa iyo Shift + F6 nzira yekudimbudzira kuita yakananga refactoring oparesheni.

Kushandisa refactoring maturusi mu Android Studio inobvumidza iwe kunyora zvirinani kodhi. Iwe unogona kushandisa maficha seyepamusoro kodhi kupedzisa, refactoring, uye kuongorora kwekodhi. Sezvaunonyora, zvishandiso izvi zvinopa mazano uye zvinokutendera kuti uise kodhi munzvimbo yakakodzera. Iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa kiyi yeTab kuisa kodhi. Iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa emulator mu Android Studio kuyedza maapplication ako. Inoisa maapplication nekukurumidza kupfuura mudziyo chaiwo uye inoteedzera huwandu hwakasiyana hwezvinhu zvehardware.

Nzira huru yekushandisazve kodhi ndeyekuibvisa. Iyi inzira inobatsira zvakanyanya paunenge uchishanda pane yakakura chunk yekodhi. Ichadzivirira redundancy uye kudzokorora. Kazhinji, izvi zvinosanganisira kuvaka chidimbu chekubvisa uchishandisa kodhi, semakirasi, hierarchies, uye interfaces. Imwe yedzakanyanya kufarirwa nzira dzekubvisa duplicate kodhi ndiyo Pull-Up/Push-Down nzira, iyo inosundira pasi kodhi chaiyo kune subclass.