Dzidza Maitiro ekuProgrammieren an Android App

Usati watanga kudzidza kukodha Android apps, iwe unofanirwa kutanga wadzidza izvo zvekutanga zveJava, Chinangwa-C, kana Swift. Kana wangoziva zvekutanga, iwe unogona kuenda kune iyo yakanyanya kuoma misoro senge ShareActionProvider. Ichi chinyorwa chichatsanangura zvakakosha zvinhu zveAroid app. Nenzira iyi, iwe unogona kugadzira yakanyanya kushanda application uye kuitengesa kune vatengi vako. Iwe unogona zvakare kudzidza nezve ShareActionProvider, iyo inonyanya kukosha yechero Android app.

Java

Kudzidza kuronga Android app kuri nyore – kana uchiziva Java. Zvisinei, kana usina chokwadi chekuti ungakodha sei, unogona kuwana bhuku rine sumo mumutauro rinogona kukubatsira kuti utange. Bhuku iri rinobata nyaya dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira android development, kusanganisira Android frameworks, izvo zvekutanga zveJava, nezvimwe. Iro bhuku rakagadzirirwa kukubatsira iwe kugadzira application mukati memazuva mashoma – iwe hautombodi kuve neruzivo rwekare rwekuronga.

Usati watanga kudzidza Java, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise izvo zvekutanga zveObject-Oriented Programming. Kana iwe uchitoziva Java, unogona kuwana Java-Kurs kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezvemutauro kana kuzorodza zivo yako iripo. Android app kuvandudza inoshandisa Android Studio, inova nzvimbo yekusimudzira application. Kune zvakare huwandu hwakawanda hwemavhidhiyo uye zvinyorwa online, pamwe nemaforamu akadai seCHIP, kwaunogona kubvunza mibvunzo uye kuchinjana mazano nevagadziri vane ruzivo.

Iwe unogona zvakare kudzidza zvakawanda nezve muchinjika-chikuva app kuvandudza uye DevOps nekudzidza iyo Android Framework. Mutauro weJava isarudzo yakanaka kune vanogadzira Android, uye nhengo dzeO'Reilly dzinonakidzwa nekuwana kusingagumi kune zvemukati zvedhijitari uye kurarama online kudzidziswa. Android-App-Programmieren muJava inovhara zvese zvakakosha zvehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza app. Kushandisa bhuku rino zvinokutendera kuti ugadzire app yehunyanzvi iyo inogona kugoverwa kuburikidza neGoogle Play uye iOS.

Chinangwa-C

Unogona kunge uchitoziva zvekutanga zvemutauro weObjective-C. Objective-C idzinza reSmalltalk uye ine syntax yakafanana naC. Iyo zvakare inotsigira Smalltalk-maitiro ekutumira mameseji. Imwe yemusiyano mukuru pakati peC uye Chinangwa-C ndechekuti C kodhi inounganidzwa kuita raibhurari yemuno, nepo Java kodhi inogona kudana mabasa aya zvakananga. Semagumo, Chinangwa-C kodhi yakanyanya kuomarara kupfuura Java, asi nzira yekudzidza ishoma.

Kana uri kufunga kudzidza Chinangwa-C, unogona kuwana online makosi akagadzirirwa chaizvo Android chikuva. Vanowanzoonekwa zvakanyanya, asi unoda muripo wekunyoresa. Mutengo unosiyana zvichienderana nemupi uye rudzi rweapp yauri kugadzira. Kusiyana nePWAs, izvo zviri web applications, Zvishandiso zvemuno zvinogona kutorwa kubva kuGoogle Play kana kuchitoro cheapp. Kubatsira kukuru kweapp yemuno ndeyekuti ine zvakawanda zvinoshanda pane PWA.

Pane zvimwe zvakanakira nezvayakaipira kune zvese Chinangwa-C uye Swift. Mitauro miviri ine simba, asi kana usina chokwadi nezvemutauro wekushandisa, edza Kotlin, imwe nzira yevashandisi-inoshamwaridzika kune Java. Zviri nyore kudzidza uye inopa zvirinani kukanganisa-kuderedza. Kotlin yakanakirawo Android programming, uye ine chitupa chepamutemo neGoogle. Soren Rauchle inyanzvi paJava neObjective-C uye anoshandira 3pc GmbH Neue Kommunikation..

Swift

Kana zvasvika pakugadzira maapplication eAroid, mitauro yekuronga Swift neKotlin yasimuka kuve mukurumbira. Mimwe mitauro iyi miviri yakavhurika-sosi ndivo vatsivi veJava uye vave chikamu chakakosha cheiyo repertory yehunyanzvi vanogadzira maapplication.. Nyaya inotevera ichapa pfupiso yemitauro miviri uye zvaunofanira kutarisira kubva kune mumwe nemumwe. Mushure mekuiverenga, iwe unenge wakashongedzerwa zvakanaka kuti utange kugadzira yako yekutanga mapurogiramu.

Kana zvasvika pakudzidza mutauro mutsva wekuronga, Swift isarudzo yakanakisa ye Android. Mutauro wakasimba uye unonzwisisika unobvumira vanogadzira kuti vashandise mazano avo. Uye nekuti ndeye mahara, chero munhu ane pfungwa anogona kuishandisa. Imwe kambani yeKoblenz, United Coding GmbH & Co. KG, inonyanya muSwift app kuvandudza. Akanyorwa pazasi mamwe emabhenefiti ekudzidza Swift.

Mukana wakakura weSwift pamusoro peChinangwa-C ndechekuti inotakurika uye ine zvishoma zvipimo pane imwe yayo.. Iyo inonyanya kukodzera kune bhizinesi-level mapurojekiti, sezvo Apple isingatenderi Android OTA zvigadziriso. Uyezve, haugone kushandura chinangwa cheAroid app uchishandisa Swift. Iwe unogona zvakare kuwana mienzaniso yeSwift kodhi pane yepamutemo Android chikuva. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise kuti Swift handiyo yega mutauro wekusimudzira Android.

ShareActionProvider

Kana iwe uchida kugovera yako Android app nevamwe, unogona kuzviita neShareActionProvider. Android ine API inonzi ShareActionProvider, iyo inokutendera iwe kugovana data pakati peakasiyana maapplication. Unogona kushandisa ShareActionProvider kubatanidza izvi muAction Bar yako. Izvi zvichakurukurwa zvakadzama mune ino tutorial. Asi ikozvino, isu tichatarisa pane yekutanga kuita.

Kushandisa ShareActionProvider, unofanira kushandisa Android Support Library. Raibhurari iyi inogona kushandiswa mushanduro dzeAndroid kare 4.0. Inoshanda neACTION_SEND API yeAndroid, saka inoenderana neshanduro dzekare dzepuratifomu. Iyo ShareActionProvider inokutendera kuti uratidze menyu, gadzira dynamic submenus, uye ita zviito zvakajairika. Inogona kuziviswa mune yako Android app yeXML menyu zviwanikwa faira, uye inogona kushandiswa kugovera zvemukati nemamwe maapplication.

Iyi Android app programming library inoita kuti upatsanure iyo ActionBar muzvikamu zvakati wandei. Nekushandisa iyo ShareActionProvider, iwe unogona kugadzira menyu zvinhu zvinobvumira vashandisi vakawanda kuwana iyo yakafanana data. Izvi zvinobatsira kwazvo kuita kuti app yako iwedzere kupindirana, kukubvumira kuunganidza ruzivo, igoverane nemamwe maapplication, uye tumira zviziviso uye zviziviso kune mamwe maapplication. Unogona kuwedzera ShareActionProvider kune yako Action Bar uye uone kuti inoshanda sei.

Kukweva-uye-kudonhedza

Kana iwe uchida kugadzira Android application iyo inobvumira vashandisi vako kudhonza uye kudonhedza mafaera kana zvinhu, dhonza-uye-donhedza rutsigiro inzira yakanaka yekutanga. Zviitiko zvekuzvuzvurudza zvinotumirwa neiyo Android's dhiza system kune callback nzira uye vateereri vekuita kwekudhonza.. Chiitiko chinoguma chine data uye nharo. Vateereri vanozogadzirisa zviitiko izvi uye voona kana data racho richifanira kugamuchirwa kana kurambwa. Iwe unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve kudhonza oparesheni pazasi.

Iwe unogona zvakare kudzidza maitiro ekuita kudhonza mu Android nekutarisa kune iyo sisitimu yemukati uye yekudhonza chiitiko makirasi nevateereri.. Dhonza makirasi echiitiko uye dhonza vateereri vanopa zvikorekedzo zvinodiwa kuti utange basa rekudhonza. Kana mushandisi anokweva maonero, inopa dhiza data uye DragShadowBuilder callback. DragShadowBuilder inotsanangura mufananidzo wakashandiswa panguva yekudhonza.

Iyo DragAndDrop sampu paGitHub inosanganisira muenzaniso weDragAndDrop application. Sample iyi ine yekukweva-uye-kudonha API ine akawanda anobatsira maficha. DRAG_FLAG_GLOBAL uye DRAG_FLAG_GLOBALE, pamwe chete nechinangwa cheapp mudziyo. Iyo kodhi zvakare ine logic kune dzimwe DragEvent kesi. Kana mushandisi anokweva chinhu, chikumbiro chinoziviswa nezve izvi nekutumira chiziviso kune sisitimu.

Zvinangwa

Zvinangwa zvinobatsira kana iwe uchida kushandura pakati pemapurogiramu maviri kana anopfuura. Zvinangwa zvinogona kubatanidza zviitiko mukati meiyo imwe app kana pakati pemaapplication akasiyana. Kuchinja pakati pemaapplication maviri, iwe unogona kushandisa chinhu chitsva uye kirasi yezvinangwa. Kana wangoziva zita rechinangwa chako, unogona kuidaidza ne putExtra nzira. Iwe unogona kushandisa marudzi akasiyana e data, kusanganisira zvinhu uye nhamba, seyechipiri parameter. Heino mimwe mienzaniso yezvinangwa.

Zvinangwa zvinogona kubatsira mune yakabatana Android application. Unogona kuzvishandisa kutanga mabasa matsva kana kuita zvagara zviripo. Zvinangwa zvinogonawo kushandiswa kutanga masevhisi matsva, endesa mirairo kune iripo, kana kutepfenyura mameseji kune vanogamuchira. Vagadziri veAndroid vanogonawo kugadzira maapplication ekubatana vachishandisa mafirita evavariro. Nokuda kweizvi, unofanira kuseta virtual mudziyo. Mushure mekugadzira mudziyo wako, isa yazvino vhezheni yeapp yako inobata zvinangwa.

Nhanho inotevera mu Android app programming ndeye kugadzira zvinangwa. Zvinangwa inzira yekutendera iyo Android system kuziva zvaunoda kuti app yako iite. Iyi nzira inokubvumira kuti utaure kuti ndezvipi zviito zvaunoda kuita chero nguva ipi zvayo. Semuyenzaniso, kana iwe uine nharembozha ine zviitiko zviviri, chinangwa chinogona kukonzera chiitiko B. Kana mushandisi achida kuvhura imwe webhusaiti, unogona kuvhura chiitiko A uine chinangwa-chakakonzeresa chiitiko.