Dzidza izvo zvekutanga zveAndroid programming

Kana iwe uchida kudzidza izvo zvekutanga zve Android Programmierung, pane zvimwe zviwanikwa zvaunogona kuwana online. Iyo Android-Anfanger Tutorial yakagadzirirwa kune vane ruzivo vashandisi veJava, saka uchada ruzivo nemutauro. Zvinozodawo self-programming. Iyo Android SDK haisi nyaya hombe, asi iwe unofanirwa kuve nekunzwisisa kweJava. Ichi chinyorwa chinokufambisa iwe kuburikidza nemaitiro ekugadzira yakapusa Android application uye kudzidza kugadzira kugovana ActionProvider.

Java

Kugadzira Android-App kazhinji zvinoreva kushandisa Java programming mutauro. Kugadzira Android-App, iwe uchada chishandiso chekusimudzira application chinonzi Android-Studio. Iyo Java-yakavakirwa kosi inokudzidzisa iwe nezve akasiyana ezvikamu zveAroid app, kusanganisira animation, inzwi, kamera uye motion sensors. Iyo Java-yakavakirwa kosi ichakubatsirawo kukudziridza zvikumbiro zve smartwatches uye online best-list. Pakupedzisira, iwe unozokwanisa kugadzira maapplication ezvishandiso izvi zvese uye kuita kuti zvishande zvisina mutsetse pane chako kifaa.

Mukuwedzera pakudzidza Java, iwe unogona zvakare kudzidza kugadzira mahybrid apps uchishandisa iyo Android SDK, chishandiso chekuvandudza application. Ichi chishandiso chine Android SDK uye Interneti-yachiri kuyaruka. Zvichienderana neruzivo rwako, unogona kudzidza kugadzira mahybrid apps nekushandisa muvaki weapp. Iyi sarudzo inodhura zvakanyanya, asi inokubvumira kuti ugadzire mapurogiramu pasina kudzidza purogiramu. Izvo chete zvakashata ndezvekuti Java haina kufarirwa seSwift, Chinangwa-C kana Swift.

Sezvo sisitimu yekushandisa pa Android yakavakirwa paLinux, Java ndiwo mutauro wekutanga unoshandiswa kugadzira maapplication. Unogona kudhawunirodha Java Studio kubva kuGoogle mahara, uye Java SE Development Kit uye Runtime Environment (JVM) kugadzira yako Android application. Java ndiyo Object-Oriented Programming mutauro, uye ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa hurongwa hwemutauro we Android. Saizvozvo, Java inoshandiswa kunyora mapurogiramu emafoni efoni. Uye kana iwe uchida kugadzira iOS app, unogona kudzidza Swift pasina kudzidza Java.

XML-Parsing

Paunenge uchishanda pane Android programming, iwe unogona kunge uchifunga kuti XML-Parsing haidiwi. Saizvozvo, XML-Parsing inodiwa mune dzakawanda zviitiko. The Extensible Markup Mutauro (XML) ndiyo yakajairika encoding fomati yekugovana ruzivo painternet. Mafudhi eXML anowanzo kupihwa nemawebhusaiti anogara achivandudza zvirimo. Mazhinji maapplication-akabatana netiweki anofanirwa kupatsanura data yeXML kuti ipe ruzivo kune vashandisi vayo.

Iyo XML parsing application inounganidza data nekuishandura kuita tambo yakarongwa, iyo inogona kushandiswa nenzira dzakawanda. Kirasi yekuunganidza, database, kana dhatabhesi zvose zvingasarudzwa. Iyo inoguma yakafomatidzwa tambo yakaumbwa ine shoma HTML. Dzimwe sarudzo dzinogona kushanda zvakanyanya. Kirasi yetsika inogona kudikanwa, sezvo inoshandisa GetResults() nzira yekuunganidza yakaunganidzwa inomiririra data.

Kana iwe uri mutsva kune Android programming, unogona kunge uchinetseka kuti woshandisa sei JSON kana XML. Kushandisa yekutanga, iwe unofanirwa kuve ne Android Studio, asi kudzokororwa kweiyo SDK API hakuna basa. Kuti nditange, unogona kutarisa kune Android Developers webhusaiti kuti uwane mirairo. Iwe unofanirwa kuwana yakakosha JSON uye XML parsing mienzaniso ipapo.

Chiitiko Lifecycle

Mune Android programming, unogona kushandisa Activity Lifecycle kudzora maitiro ekushandisa kwako. Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo chiitiko chinodzoserwa kumberi uye chinodyidzana nemushandisi. Ichiri muchimiro chakatangazve, inoramba iripo kusvikira chinangwa chabviswa pairi, sekuti mushandisi paanofona, inovhara app, kana kuti skrini inodzima. Sezvineiwo, unogona kuwedzera lifecycle-aware functionality kuapp yako kuti irambe ichishanda chero mushandisi achikwanisa kuiona.

The onStart() nzira inodaidzwa kana Chiitiko chave kuda kuoneka. Inogadzirira Chiitiko chekuita zvekudyidzana. Inodanwa chiitiko chisati chaitwa paPause() uye onResume() nzira. Iyi nzira inoshandiswa kukonzeresa UI zvigadziriso uye kuchengetedza data rekushandisa basa risati raurayiwa nehurongwa. Pamusoro pe, iyo onPause() nzira inodanwa kana chimwe chinhu chichitora kutarisa kwemushandisi.

Zviito zvisingaite zvinodaidzwawo “kusashanda” uye ndidzo dzisingaonekwe nemushandisi. Kana icon yekushandisa yakavanzwa, ichapinda mumamiriro ekumbomira, uye haizoonekwe mune rondedzero yemapurogiramu. Ichi chimiro chinowanzofanana kana mushandisi anodzvanya bhatani rekufambisa rekumashure. Kana kuoneka kwechiitiko kunodonha pazasi pechimwe chikumbaridzo, ichaurayiwa.

ShareActionProvider

Kana iwe uchitsvaga nzira iri nyore yekugovera zvirimo pa Android, ungangoda kufunga nezve kushandisa ShareActionProvider. Kirasi iyi chikamu cheiyo Android Support Library, iyo inotsigira yekare Android shanduro. Goverana-Mapurogiramu ari nyore maapplication anoita kuti vashandisi vagovane zvirimo pakati peaviri kana anopfuura maapuro. Iyo ShareActionProvider kirasi chishandiso chinobatsira kune aya maapuro. Iyo yepasi kodhi yekirasi iyi inogona kuwanikwa pano.

Iyi kirasi inozvisunga kuAction Bar menueintrag, kana Sarudzo Menyu. Inoratidzika sechiratidzo chekurudyi. Kana yaiswa, chirongwa chinotanga otomatiki. Iwe unogona zvakare kuwana iyo ShareActionProvider mune iyo Android programmierung source code. Iyo inoratidzwa senge kune-iyo-kurudyi icon uye ine runyorwa rwezvishandiso zvaunogona kugovera. Paunenge uchinge wawedzera iyo ShareActionProvider kupurojekiti yako, wobva waitanga.

ShareActionProvider yakawedzerwa kune Android chimiro muICS. Inoita kuti kugovana data pakati peAroid apps kuve nyore. Iyo inozadza maratidziro echinyakare uye inofambisa kuwedzerwa kwemenu yekugovera muActionBar. ShareActionProvider zvakare inobata mupi kuti iwe ugone kuchinja chinangwa chayo kana iwe uchida kugovera. Izvi zvinonyanya kubatsira kana uri kushandisa ActionBar kugovera ruzivo.

XML tambo

XML inomirira Extensible Markup Language, uye iwo mutauro wakareruka wakatanga kugadzirwa kuStandard Generalized Markup Mutauro (SGML). XML inotsanangura data nema tag. Mutauro wemarkup uyu wakakura uye uri nyore kugadzira, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kune data rine chekuita neUI mune Android programming. Ichi chinyorwa chinodonongodza izvo zvekutanga zveXML uye chinoratidza maitiro ekuishandisa muAndroid programming.

XML-Parsing Methode

XML-Parsing ibasa rakakosha kune Android developer, kunyanya kana ukaronga kuishandisa mumawebhusaiti. Iyo XML faira ine kutevedzana kwezviitiko, izvo zvinobva zvapatsanurwa uye kuumbwa kuita zvinyorwa uye mamwe data. Kune matatu makuru marudzi eXML parsers: SAX, DOM, uye BHOVA. Imwe neimwe yeidzi nzira inoshandisa yayo yakasarudzika seti yemitemo kubata data nekuidhirowa.

Nepo JSON ichishandiswa zvakanyanya kuWebhu Services, mamwe maapplication achiri kuda kuparura data yeXML. Sezvineiwo, kune akati wandei nzira dzekuisa dziripo dze Android, kusanganisira iyo XML PullParser API. XML kudhonza-kupaza kunoda ndangariro shoma pane iyo DOM Parser API. Pane misiyano yakajairika pakati penzira idzi, asi unogona kushandisa rimwe nerimwe kuita basa rimwe chete.

DOM imwe sarudzo yeXML-parsing mu Android. DOM ine yakakura ndangariro tsoka, asi haina kuoma pane SAX. Kana chinangwa chako chiri chekugadzira app inongoratidza chidimbu che data feed, nzira yeSAX inogona kukwana. Kana iwe uchida kupatsanura akakura data seti mune ramangwana, zvisinei, nguva dzose zviri nani kushandisa nzira yeDOM.