Ulwakha njani usetyenziso lwe-Android – IiNkqubo zeNjongo, ShareActionProvider, kunye ne-OnItemLongClickListener

Nge Android, kulula ukuphuhlisa i-app, kodwa ukuba awazi ukuba uqale phi, ungaxhalabi – kukho izixhobo ezininzi kwi-intanethi zokukunceda. Unokufunda malunga neeNkqubo zeNjongo, ShareActionProvider, kunye ne-OnItemLongClickListener. Kungekudala uya kuba yi-Android pro kwaye ube nakho ukwakha i-app enkulu ngexesha! Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde indlela yokuqalisa!

IiNkqubo zeNjongo

Usetyenziso lwe-Android lunokusebenzisa iiNkqubo zeNjongo ukunxibelelana phakathi kwamacandelo kunye nemisebenzi. Iinjongo zinokusetwa ukuqalisa iintshukumo okanye umyalezo wosasazo. Ungabhalisa kwimisitho ukuze usabele kuyo. Ungakhankanya idatha usebenzisa ii-URI kunye neentlobo ze-MIME. Uhlobo lwedatha ofuna ukuyithumela kufuneka luhambelane nezenzo ofuna ukuziqalisa kwi-app. Iinjongo zinokuqulatha idatha yentloko kunye nedatha eyongezelelweyo esekelwe kwiklasi ye-Bundle, onokuthi uzifumane nge GetExtras() indlela.

Iinjongo zingasetyenziselwa ukubonisa izaziso zomsebenzisi, balumkise ngotshintsho kwimeko, okanye enze ezinye izenzo. Iinjongo zinokuqalisa umsebenzi anokuthi awenze kube kanye umsebenzisi. Imisebenzi inokuvalwa xa umsebenzisi efuna. Iinjongo zisebenza emva kwemiboniso kwaye zizimeleyo kumsebenzisi. Bakwakuvumela ukuba uthumele imiyalezo ukuba ifayile ikulungele ukusetyenziswa okanye iyakhutshelwa. Ukwenza isicelo esiphathwayo usebenzisa iiNkqubo zeNjongo yinkqubo entsonkothileyo.

Ukwenza usetyenziso lwe-Android, uya kufuna iNkqubo yeNjongo ehambelanayo. Oku kuyakwenza ukuba uveze usetyenziso lwe-app yakho kwezinye usetyenziso. Iinjongo ze-Android ngumzamo wentsebenziswano. Iinjongo ziyindlela entle yokwenza ukuba isicelo sakho siqatshelwe ngabasebenzisi bakho. Ngokongeza iNjongo kwiprojekthi yakho, uya kuba usendleleni eya kwi-app ye-Android enokubonwa ngumntu wonke. Iqonga le-Android lenze iinjongo zalula kakhulu ukudibanisa nezinye izicelo kunye nokwenza utshintsho phakathi kwezicelo ngaphandle komthungo.

Xa uphuhlisa iapp yakho, kufuneka wazi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeNjongo kunye nendlela ezisebenza ngayo. Unokusebenzisa ezi ukwenza ngokwezifiso i-app yakho ye-Android kwaye wenze umxholo osebenzisanayo ngakumbi. Ungadibanisa iiNjongo nezinye ii-apps, njengezaziso. Ungasebenzisa indlela efanayo ukudibanisa iNjongo nolunye usetyenziso. Iinjongo zinokudityaniswa neCarAppExtenders ukuze kuphunyezwe lula. Iinjongo zisenokusetyenziswa kwii-apps ukwazisa umsebenzisi ngexesha likaxakeka.

Iinjongo zezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwii-apps ze-Android. Injongo yinto yedatha equlethe ulwazi malunga nesenzo umsebenzisi afuna ukusithatha. Iinjongo zisetyenziswa ngeendlela ezininzi, kuquka ukulandelela indawo, ukukhangela, kunye nokuninzi. Injongo enye inokuqalisa umsebenzi okanye icandelo lebrawuza. Kwaye inkqubo ye-Android inokuchonga amacandelo anokusabela kwiNjongo. Kukwabalulekile ukwazi ukuba iiNjongo zisebenza njani kunye nendlela yokuzisebenzisa kwiiapps zakho.

Nje ukuba kuthunyelwe injongo, iqonga le-Android liya kuqhuba isihluzo senjongo. Idatha iya kugqiba ukuba leliphi icandelo eliqaliswayo. Emva koko umsebenzisi unokugqiba ukuba yeyiphi icandelo abafuna ukulibona. Ungabhalisa amacandelo ahlukeneyo kwiziganeko ezithile kunye nezihluzi zenjongo. Kungenjalo, icandelo elingenaso isihluzi senjongo liya kubizwa kuphela xa injongo ecacileyo ikhutshiwe. Yile nto ichazwa sesi sahluko. Nje ukuba icandelo libhaliswe ngenjongo, kufuneka icaciswe ngesenzo esichanekileyo, uhlobo lokulinganisa, kunye nemeta-data.

ShareActionProvider

I-ShareActionProvider ye-Android sisikhokelo esinamandla esikuvumela ukuba wabelane kwaye ufumane idatha evela kwezinye ii-apps ze-Android. Esi sikhokelo yinxalenye ye-Android SDK kwaye yaziswa kwi-Android 4.0 (Inqanaba le-API 14). Inokudityaniswa kwi-Action Bar ye-app yakho ye-Android. Ukufunda ngakumbi ngeShareActionProvider, funda le tutorial ilandelayo. Siza kuxoxa ngeziseko zeShareActionProvider ngokweenkcukacha.

I-ShareActionProvider ye-Android app erstellen ngumboneleli womntu wesithathu ovumela abaphuhlisi ukuba badibanise ngokulula kunye nemithombo eyahlukeneyo yedatha.. Ungasebenzisa i-ShareActionProvider ukutsala idatha kwimarike kwaye wakhe i-app yakho yotyalo-mali. Nje ukuba wenze i-app yakho, ungabelana ngolwazi nezinye iiapps kwisixhobo sakho. Umzekelo, ukuba ungathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi kwiphepha lakho le-Facebook, ungalungisa ikhonkco kwiwebhusayithi ye-ShareActionProvider.

Olunye uphawu oluluncedo kukukwazi ukuphatha iintshukumo ezininzi zabasebenzisi. Ngale ndlela, unokwenza iapp yakho isebenze ngakumbi. Ngokusebenzisa iShareActionProvider, unokwenza amava omsebenzisi alungiselelwe indlela abasebenzisi bakho abayithandayo. Kwaye, kunye neShareActionProvider, Ungasebenzisa kwakhona i-app yakho ye-Android ukuqokelela kunye nokwabelana ngolwazi. Unokuyisebenzisa ukufumana izaziso kunye nezilumkiso malunga nemiyalezo emitsha, kwaye wenze abasebenzisi bakho bonwabe ngaxeshanye.

Unokufunda zonke ezi ndlela zobuchule kwikhosi yophuhliso lwe-Android app. Ikhosi ibandakanya 35 izifundo ezikuthatha inyathelo ngenyathelo ngophuhliso lwe-Android app. Ikwakufundisa ukuba ungayenza njani idatabase yeSQLite app. Kwakhona kuya kukunceda ukwakha apps Android kwamanye amaqonga. Ukuba usabambekile kwisigaba sophuhliso, ungasoloko ubhekiselele kwikhosi ukuba unemibuzo.

Ukwengeza, ungasebenzisa iShareActionProvider kwi-ActionBar ukuthatha ithuba lophawu lwe UI ekuvumela ukwahlula iActionBar.. Olu khetho lunokusetyenziswa kwi-Action Bar yakho ukuba usetyenziso lwakho lusebenza kwi-Android 4.0 okanye ngaphezulu. Unokufunda ngakumbi malunga neShareActionProvider kwiSikhokelo seBar yeAction. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba eli nqaku lifumaneka kuphela kwi-Android 4.0 kwaye ngaphezulu.

OnItemLongClickListener

OnItemLongClickListeners lujongano oluvelisa umsebenzi wokufowuna xa into icofa okanye ikhethiwe.. Le ndlela ibiza i-OnItemLongClickListener ye-Android Framework ukuqaphela xa umsebenzisi ecofa okanye ekhetha into ende.. I-Framework ye-Android ngoko ixabisa igalelo kwaye ibonisa isaziso esifutshane se-popup ngelixa owona msebenzi ubonakala ngasemva..

Kufuneka usebenzise i-OnItemClickListener-Interface phambi kokuba wenze i-OnItemLongClickListeners-Instance. Olu jongano luqinisekisa ukuba onItemClick() indlela iyaphunyezwa. Iya kucelwa ngokuzenzekelayo yinkqubo ye-Android xa umsitho wokucofa ixesha elide usenzeka. Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe, bona umzekelo ongezantsi. Le khowudi ibonisa indlela yokuphumeza i-OnItemLongClickListener kwi-app yakho ye-Android.

Ngexesha lenxalenye yesifundo, siya kusebenzisa i-OnItemClickListener. Siza kubhalisa olu jongano kunye noLuhlu lokuJonga kwi-app yethu ye-Android. Xa ungeno kuluhlu lucofa ixesha elide, I-OnItemLongClickListener iya kukroba. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba le ndlela inokuphunyezwa ngeklasi engaziwa okanye iklasi ye-MainActivity.

Nje ukuba ubhalise umzekelo we-OnItemLongClickListeners, ungaqwalasela uluhlu lwakho lokuJonga ukuba uphendule xa umba kuluhlu lucofa. Oku kuyakuqalisa impendulo yonqakrazo olude kwi-AlertDialog. Ikwangumbono olungileyo ukuba noLuhlu lokuJonga oluphendula ucofa ixesha elide. Ngele ndlela, abasebenzisi bakho banokufikelela ngokulula kwisicelo sakho ngaphandle kokushiya intuthuzelo yekhaya labo.