Uzakha njani iiApps ze-Android ngeJava, Kotlin, C++, kunye ne-Snapseed

Ukuba ukhe wazibuza ukuba ungayenza njani i-app ye-Android, impendulo kukuqala ngeJava okanye iKotlin. Uya kudinga ulwazi olufanelekileyo lwe-C ++ okanye i-Snapseed. Ukuba awuyazi ukuba zeziphi na ezi lwimi, ungaxhalabi – siza kucacisa iziseko. Nje ukuba uyazi iziseko, ungaqala ukwakha ii -apps kunye nokusebenzisana nazo kwisixhobo sakho! Emveni kwakho konke, ungumsebenzisi nje oqhelekileyo, kunene?

Java

Mhlawumbi uvile nge-Android, kodwa usenokungaqhelananga ne-Java apps. Ukuphuhlisa ii-apps zeselula zeqonga le-Android yinto eqhelekileyo phakathi kwabaphuhlisi abaninzi. Isitudiyo se-Android sesona sixhobo siphambili sophuhliso lwe-Android kwaye siza neendidi ezininzi zamathala eencwadi anamandla ekhowudi, kuquka izifundo zeJava. Ikwanalo necandelo lamaxwebhu abanzi, kwaye unokuqalisa ngeevidiyo zokufundisa kwangoko. Kodwa kuya kufuneka ube nolwazi oluthile lweJava ukwenza inkqubo ibe mnandi kwaye ibe nemveliso.

Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba ungaqala ngaphi xa kufikwa ekufundeni iJava, ngokuqinisekileyo uya kufuna ukukhuphela enye yezifundo zasimahla. Izifundo kwezi nkqubo ziluncedo kakhulu kwaye kulula ukuzilandela. Abo bangazi kakhulu ngeJava kufuneka baqale ngo-Enki. Ikuvumela ukuba ufunde iziseko zophuhliso lweJava kwaye uyisebenzise kubomi bokwenyani. I-Dcoder kunye ne-DroidEdit zezona zimbini zibalaseleyo ze-Java IDE ze-Android. Zombini zikuvumela ukuba uhlele ikhowudi ngqo kwi-smartphone yakho, ukubenza isixhobo esigqibeleleyo sabaqalayo.

Ngelixa i-Android ayilona qonga lifanelekileyo kulo lonke uhlobo lomphuhlisi, IJava ihlala ilolona lwimi ludumileyo lwenkqubo yezixhobo eziphathwayo. Uninzi lwabaphuhlisi abaziingcali basebenzisa iJava ukwenza usetyenziso lwabo. Ukuphatheka kweqonga le-Android kunye nokuqhelana nolu lwimi lwenkqubo lwenza ukuba lube lolona khetho lubalaseleyo kuye nabani na ophuhlisa ii-apps eziphathwayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo sokutshintshela kwi-Android, kufuneka uqwalasele imarike yakho ekujoliswe kuyo. Zininzi iingenelo zokusebenzisa iJava kuphuhliso lwe-Android. Ukuba uceba ukuphuhlisa i-app yehlabathi, IJava lolona khetho lufanelekileyo.

I-IDE elungileyo ye-Android ibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ikhowudi yakho iqulunqa ngokuchanekileyo. I-JStudio ineenzuzo ezininzi, kuquka ukugqibezela ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nekhowudi-yokugqiba iimpawu. ngaphandle koko, inetheminali eyakhelweyo, ekuvumela ukuba wenze imiyalelo enxulumene ne-Android. Ukwengeza, ikunceda ulawule iifayile zejava, khuphela kwaye uncamathisele ikhowudi, kwaye wenze ukujonga impazamo ngexesha lokwenyani. Oku kwenza uphuhliso lweJava kwi-Android lube yimpepho.

Kotlin

IJava lolona lwimi ludala lwenkqubo, kwaye isalawula umhlaba wophuhliso lweapp. Izakhono zayo zokubhala eziphakamileyo ziyenza ibe lolona khetho lubalaseleyo kubaphuhlisi abaninzi, kodwa inazo iingxaki zayo. Kule minyaka yangoku, uphuhliso lweapps ze-Android zenze imfuneko yokusetyenziswa kolwimi olutsha lwekhowudi. I-Kotlin yee-apps ze-Android lunye ulwimi olunjalo. Ngesaziso samva nje esivela kuGoogle, I-Kotlin ngoku lulwimi olukhethiweyo lokuphuhlisa ii-apps ze-Android.

Nangona i-syntax ye-Kotlin ifana neJava, kukho umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kweJava kunye neKotlin. Abaqalayo, I-Kotlin ixhasa inkqubo kunye neprogram ejoliswe kwinto. Ichwethezwa ngokwezibalo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba iintlobo zedatha zinokuchazwa ngeendlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo: engenakucimeka nengenakucinywa. Le yokugqibela iluncedo ekugcineni ikhowudi yakho ye-Android app. Unokwenza kwakhona iiklasi ezisebenzisekayo kunye namacandelo e-Kotlin ngokusebenzisa iwizard yeprojekthi.

Omnye umehluko phakathi kweJava kunye neKotlin yindlela yokwandisa. Ngelixa iJava ibonelela nge-API yokwandisa iiklasi ezikhoyo, I-Kotlin ikuvumela ukuba wongeze igama leklasi kwigama lomsebenzi. KwiJava, kufuneka uzuze iklasi yomzali’ imisebenzi. Kodwa eKotlin, unokongeza igama lakho lomsebenzi kwaye uzuze i-API yodidi olufanayo. Le ndlela, unokwandisa ukusebenza kweklasi yakho ngaphandle kokuguqula isakhiwo sayo okanye ikhowudi.

Njengalo naluphi na ulwimi olutsha, ukufunda Kotlin akukho lula. Kukho imiba ethile ekufuneka uyiqaphele ngaphambi kokuba uyiphumeze kwiprojekthi yakho. Ukuba awukalungeli ijiko lokufunda, kungcono ukunamathela kulwimi lwenkqubo oluqhelekileyo olufana neJava. Nangona kunokuba nzima kubaqalayo, lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kubaphuhlisi be-Android abanamava. Ulwimi ngokuthelekisayo kulula ukulufunda kwaye lulungelelanise inkqubo yophuhliso yeeapps zesiko Android.

Ngelixa iJava ifundeka lula kwaye iqhelekile ngakumbi kubaphuhlisi, ayinikezeli iimpawu ezifanayo njengeKotlin. Umzekelo, IJava ayizixhasi ii-coroutines, eyimodeli yokucwangcisa evumela ukuba imisonto emininzi yenziwe ngaxeshanye. Ukusebenzisa imisonto emininzi kwandisa ubungakanani bekhowudi yekhowudi kwaye kunokukhokelela kwiimpazamo. Ukwengeza, Abaphuhlisi beJava kufuneka bahlole ngesandla iintlobo eziguquguqukayo kwaye baziphose ngokusekwe kubaqhubi babo. I-Kotlin inikezela ngomqokeleli okrelekrele otshintsha ngokuzenzekelayo ii-casts ezingafunekiyo kunye namaxabiso azinzileyo.

C++

Ukuba ufuna ukuphuhlisa i-app ye-Android, Kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba i-C++ inenani leenzuzo ngaphezulu kweJava. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-C++ ikhawuleza kakhulu kwii-algorithms ezibandakanya izinto ezininzi eziguquguqukayo. Kwakhona, ukuba uceba ukusebenzisa i-app ukwenza iinjini zomdlalo okanye izicelo ezinzulu ze-CPU, Kuya kufuneka ucinge ngokusebenzisa i-C++. IJava ineengxaki ezininzi, ke kuya kufuneka ufunde iJava ngaphambi kokuba uye kwi-C++. Eli nqaku liza kuchaza iingenelo zeC ++ zophuhliso lwe-Android.

IJava lulwimi olukhulu lokucwangcisa, kodwa i-C++ ineenzuzo ezininzi. Iguquguquka ngakumbi kwaye ithatha inkumbulo encinci kuneJava, kwaye kulula ukuthelekisa isoftware eyahlukileyo. I-C++ nayo ikhawuleza kuneJava, ngoko uya kukwazi ukufumana iimpazamo ngokulula ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, I-C++ ayinayo ujongano lomsebenzisi oluqhelekileyo olufana neJava. I-C++ ingasetyenziselwa imisebenzi enzima, kodwa ayinazo iimpawu ezininzi. I-C++ nayo intsonkothe ​​ngakumbi kuneJava, ngoko ke kufuneka uqaphele le yantlukwano phambi kokuba wenze isigqibo sokuba uza kuyisebenzisa phi.

Ukwenza iprojekthi entsha, vula i-IDE. Layisha kwindawo yeProjekthi kwicala lasekhohlo le-IDE. Ukusuka kwimenyu eyehlayo, khetha uvimba weefayili omtsha okanye ifayile yemvelaphi yeC++. Cofa i Uhlobo lwemenyu eyehlayo ukukhetha ulwandiso lwefayile. Emva koko ungasebenzisa iqhosha leNkxaso ye-C ++ ukongeza iifayile ezininzi kwiprojekthi. Kungenjalo, unokwenza iprojekthi entsha kwaye uyikhethe njenge-'Native C++’ uhlobo lweprojekthi.

Olunye ulwimi oludumileyo lwenkqubo yophuhliso lwe-Android yiJava. Olu lolona lwimi ludala nolona lusetyenziswa kakhulu lwenkqubo kwaye lusahlala ludumile ngenxa yethala leencwadi elibanzi kunye nezakhono zokuhlanganisa.. I-Kotlin yenye indlela eyaziwayo kwiJava. Lulwimi lweqonga kwaye lukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo kwizixhobo eziphathwayo. Ikwavelisa izinto eziphunyeziweyo ezincinci. Naphezu kokuntsonkotha kwayo, IJava lukhetho olukhulu kubaphuhlisi beapp ye-Android.

Snapseed

Ukuba ujonge usetyenziso lokuphucula iifoto zakho, I-Snapseed lukhetho olufanelekileyo. Le app ikunika amandla okusebenzisa izihluzi zedijithali kwaye uphucule iifoto zakho. Iphuhliswe nguNik Software, usetyenziso ngoku luphethwe nguGoogle. Unokufumana indlela yokukhuphela kunye nokusebenzisa i-Snapseed simahla kuDlalo lukaGoogle. Nanga amanye amacebiso okwenza iifoto zakho zibukeke ngcono. – Ungavumeli iifoto zakho zibe mnandi.

– Kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Ukuba ujonge i-app yokuhlela ifoto engathathi indawo eninzi kakhulu, I-Snapseed lukhetho oluhle. Inika ujongano olulula kunye nezihluzo ekulula ukuzisebenzisa. Esi sicelo sinokubhenela kubasebenzisi abathanda ukusebenzisa izihluzi kunye nezixhobo ezilula kwimifanekiso yabo. Iyahambelana neefayile ze-RAW DNG. Ukusebenzisa i-Snapseed yimpepho!

– Yifake kwisixhobo sakho. Unokukhuphela i-apk ye-Snapseed kwiVenkile ye-Google Play okanye ngesandla kweminye imithombo. Qinisekisa ukuba isixhobo sakho siyahlangabezana neyona mfuno isezantsi yenkqubo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iyahambelana ne-app. Yakube ifakiwe, vula usetyenziso kwaye uqalise ukuhlela imifanekiso yakho. Isoftware iya kucela imvume yokufikelela kwimifanekiso yakho. Nje ukuba uwagqibile onke amanyathelo ayimfuneko, i-snapseed iya kufumaneka kwisixhobo sakho.

– Phucula iifoto zakho ngokulula. I-app ye-Snapseed ye-Android ine-interface efanayo kwinguqulo ye-iPad. Kanye njengeqabane layo le-iOS, I-Snapseed ikuvumela ukuba wongeze izihluzi zedijithali kwaye uphucule iifoto zakho. Ungagcina iifoto zakho zokugqibela ezihleliweyo ukuze wabelane nabanye. Ukuba ungumfoti ongatshatanga, I-Snapseed ngokuqinisekileyo kufanelekile ukuzama. Kodwa kusenokufuneka uchithe ixesha elithile ufunda ngayo ngaphambi kokuba uyikhuphele. Uya kuvuya ukuba uyenzile.

– Sebenzisa isixhobo sokuPhilisa. Esi sixhobo sikunceda ukususa izinto ezincinci kwiifoto zakho. Nangona ingagqibelelanga, inokulungisa iimpazamo ezincinci kunye neziphako. Sebenzisa isixhobo sokuPhilisa ukususa izinto ezincinci kwimifanekiso yakho. Olu phawu lusetyenziswa kakuhle ngeefoto zezinto ezicacileyo. Ukusebenzisa isixhobo sokuPhilisa kuqaqambisa iindawo ezibomvu kumfanekiso wakho kwaye zibuyisele iipixels kwindawo ekufutshane. Ukuba ufuna ukuhlehlisa utshintsho, cofa kwi Imboniselo Hlela iqhosha.