Uyiphuhlisa njani iApp ye-Android

Xa ucinga ngokuphuhlisa isicelo Android, zininzi izinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele. Ngokungafaniyo ne-iOS, I-Android inesabelo esikhulu semarike, kunye nabadwelisi benkqubo be-Android babiza kakhulu. Ukwengeza, I-Android iguquguquka ngakumbi kwaye ivumela ukwenza ngokwezifiso ngakumbi kune-iOS. Oku kuyenza ibe lukhetho olungcono kubaphuhlisi abafuna ukwakha ukubetha kwabo okukhulu okulandelayo.

Java

IJava yenye yezona lwimi zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiprogramu, kwaye lolona khetho lubalaseleyo kuphuhliso lweapp ye-Android. Ukuguquguquka kwayo kunye nokuzimela kuyenza enye yeelwimi ezilungileyo kakhulu zokwakha usetyenziso lweselula. Ngaphezu koko, lulwimi oluzinzileyo olunoluntu olukhulu lwabaphuhlisi. Inqanaba layo eliphezulu lokuhambelana linceda abaphuhlisi benze ii -apps ezisebenza kumaqonga amaninzi.

Ukuba unamava amaninzi ngeJava, ungafuna ukutshintshela kwi-Kotlin yophuhliso lwe-app ye-Android. Yamkelwe nguGoogle kwaye inoluntu olukhulu. Olu lwimi luhambelana kakhulu kwaye luthembekile kunezinye iilwimi zeprogram, kwaye inikwe amandla yi-Android Studio. Kwakhona kulula ukuyigcina kunezinye iilwimi ezininzi zokucwangcisa.

Umahluko phakathi kweJava kunye neKotlin ilele kwingxaki yokungabi nanto yolwimi. I-Kotlin isombulula le ngxaki ngokwenza zonke iindidi zingabi-null ngokungagqibekanga. Olu lwimi lukwabonisa ii-coroutines, uhlobo lwendlela engaphantsi ekuvumela ukuba unqumame kwaye uqalise kwakhona ukwenziwa kwekhowudi. IiCoroutines zenza ukuba ikhowudi ifundeke lula, kwaye zikwakwenza kube lula ukulawula imisebenzi ethatha ixesha elide.

Injongo-C

Xa kuziwa ekuphuhliseni izicelo zeselula ze-Android, Injongo-C lulwimi olunamandla lokwakha ii-apps ezintsha kunye nemidlalo. Olu lwimi lokuprograma luyi-superset ye-C eyongeza izakhono ezijoliswe kwinto kunye nexesha lokugijima eliguqukayo. Izuza njengelifa izakhiwo ezisisiseko zeC, kubandakanywa iintlobo zamandulo kunye nezinto eziguquguqukayo, kodwa yongeza i-syntax yokuchaza iiklasi kunye nolawulo lwegrafu yezinto. Ukwengeza, ikwabonisa ukuchwetheza okuguquguqukayo kwaye ilibazisa uninzi loxanduva lwayo kwixesha lokuqhutywa.

Usenokuba uyazibuza ukuba ungaqala njani ngeNjongo-C yophuhliso lweapp ye-Android. Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zezibonelelo ezikhoyo kwi-intanethi. Inyathelo lokuqala kukufaka izixhobo zoPhuhliso lwe-Android. Ezi zixhobo zenza kube lula ukuphuhlisa i-app ye-Android kunye ne-iOS. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka wazi ukuba zifakwa njani kwaye uzisebenzise.

Xa uthatha isigqibo sokuba loluphi ulwimi oza kulusebenzisa kwiprojekthi yakho yophuhliso lwe-Android, kufuneka ugcine engqondweni ukuba iilwimi ezimbini eziphambili zeprogram ye-Android ziyi-Objective-C kunye neJava. Nangona zombini ezi lwimi zineenzuzo kunye neengxaki zazo, zombini zinamandla kwaye zibhetyebhetye.

Ukhawuleza

Inkqubo yokudala i-app ye-Android isenokungabi ngqo phambili ukuba awuyazi indlela yokucwangcisa. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufunda iziseko kukufunda izifundo zokufundisa kunye neencwadi. Ngaphezu koko, kukho imfuneko yokulinga ngeembono ezintsha. Yale, kufuneka ubhale ikhowudi yeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza.

I-Swift lulwimi lwangoku lwenkqubo olwaphuhliswa yi-Apple Inc. kwi 2014. Idibanisa imithetho elula yokukhowuda kunye neekhonsepthi zanamhlanje ze-informatics. Olu lwimi lwenkqubo lufanelekile kuzo zombini ii-iOS kunye nezicelo ze-Android. Ivumela abadwelisi benkqubo ukuba basebenzise zombini iNkqubo eJongene neNjongo kunye neNkqubo yokuSebenza. Ikwabonelela ngeenkululeko ezininzi kubaphuhlisi. Ngelixa bengekho baninzi abaphuhlisi beSwift phaya, imfuno yabaphuhlisi abanjalo iphezulu.

Ngaphandle kophuhliso lwezicelo zomthonyama, abaphuhlisi banokusebenzisa izixhobo zomntu wesithathu. Ezi zixhobo zibenza bakwazi ukwenza ii-apps ze-cross-platform.

Iinjongo

Uphuhliso lwe-app ye-Android olunenjongo luvumela abaphuhlisi ukuba basebenzise i-APIs yomntu wesithathu kwii-apps zabo ze-Android. Nangona kunjalo, ii-APIs kufuneka zixhaswe kwaye zibhalwe kakuhle ukuphepha ukusetyenziswa kakubi. Iblogi yoMphuhlisi we-Android iqulunqe ezona zenzo zilungileyo zeenjongo. Abaphuhlisi kufuneka bakuphephe ukusebenzisa ii-API ezingabhalwanga kuba zinokukhokelela kwizicelo ezingazinzanga.

Iinjongo ziyimiyalezo ethunyelwa phakathi kwamacandelo amabini okanye ngaphezulu kwisixhobo se-Android. Bathwala ulwazi kwisistim malunga nokuba leliphi icandelo elisungulwayo kwaye yeyiphi idatha ekufuneka icandelo liyiqhube. Inkqubo ye-Android iya kusebenzisa olu lwazi ukuqala umsebenzi ofanelekileyo. Injongo yenjongo yiglu edibanisa la malungu kwaye iwavumela ukuba anxibelelane omnye nomnye.

Iinjongo zikunceda ukuba unxibelelane nezinye izicelo. Benza kube lula ukutshintsha phakathi kwemisebenzi kunye nokubonelela ngolwazi kwabanye. Bakwavumela i-app yakho ukuba iqalise imisebenzi emitsha kwaye iqalise esele ikho. Umzekelo, usetyenziso lwakho lungaqala inkonzo entsha kwaye lugqithise imiyalelo kwezinye ii-apps, kwaye uthumele imiyalezo kubamkeli bosasazo.

Abaphuhlisi be-app ye-Android banokusebenzisa iinjongo zokukhuthaza izicelo zabo kwinqanaba le-OS. Abaphuhlisi banokuveza usetyenziso lwabo’ iinjongo kwezinye usetyenziso lwe-Android, ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba batshintshe phakathi kwezicelo ngaphandle komthungo.

Ukuguquguquka njengomphuhlisi

Ukuvela konxibelelwano kwaqala ngentetho emva koko kwaqhubeka nokubhala. Ekusebenzisaneni kwabantu, sihlala silungisa indlela esiziphatha ngayo kwaye iindlela zethu zonxibelelwano azahlukanga. Siphenjelelwa luluhlu lwemiqondiso yendalo, kuquka ithoni kunye neenkumbulo zokusebenzisana kwangaphambili. Ukukwazi ukuziqhelanisa nale miqondiso ngundoqo ekuphuhliseni i-app enomtsalane kubasebenzisi kunye nesebenzayo kwishishini.

Ukuguquguquka kubalulekile kuyo nayiphi na iprojekthi yesoftware, kwaye kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuphucula izakhono zakho njengomphuhlisi we-Android app. Umzekelo, ngokufunda ukuziqhelanisa neemeko ezahlukeneyo kunye nokulungisa iingxaki zakho ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, unokwenza usetyenziso lwakho lube luncedo ngakumbi kubasebenzisi bakho. Ngaphezu koko, uya kufunda ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo ukwenza usetyenziso lwakho lube bhetyebhetye.

UkuCwangciswa kweQonga elinqamlezileyo

Inkqubo ye-Cross-platform ivumela abaphuhlisi ukuba basebenzise isiseko sekhowudi yomthombo ofanayo ukuphuhlisa ii -apps ze-iOS kunye ne-Android platform. Oku kwenza inkqubo yokuhlaziya kunye nokutshintsha ikhowudi ibe lula kwaye igcina ixesha kubaphuhlisi. Ukongeza, abaphuhlisi banokusasaza uhlaziyo kubasebenzisi kumaqonga amaninzi ngexesha elinye. Nangona inkqubo ye-cross-platform ingaba yindinisa kwaye idle ixesha, inikeza inani leenzuzo, kubandakanywa nexabiso eliphantsi kunye namava omsebenzisi angenamthungo.

Olunye uncedo lwenkqubo yeqonga elinqamlezileyo kukuba inokudala iinguqulelo ezininzi zeapp yamaqonga ahlukeneyo. Oku kubalulekile xa uphuhlisa usetyenziso lweenkqubo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza. Ukuba umsebenzisi usebenzisa isixhobo esinamava ahlukeneyo omsebenzisi, abayi kufuna ukubona ikopi yosetyenziso kwesinye isixhobo. Ngaphezu koko, kukho umahluko phakathi iOS kunye Android. Nangona kunjalo, izisombululo zangoku ezinqamlezayo zophuhliso zithathela ingqalelo lo mahluko.

Umzekelo, usetyenziso lwangoku lwedesktop kufuneka lube yimodyuli kwaye lubhetyebhetye. Kufuneka kwakhona iqwalaselwe kwaye inike ii-APIs kubasebenzisi bangaphandle. Oku kuvumela ukuba ii-microservices zifakwe ngaphandle kokutshintsha undoqo wesicelo.