Ungaqala njani kwiNkqubo ye-Android

Ukuba ujonge i-Android Programming tutorial, kukho izixhobo ezininzi ezikhoyo kwi-intanethi. Ezinye ziluncedo kakhulu, ngelixa ezinye zilungele ngakumbi abaphuhlisi abanamava. Kungakhathaliseki uhlobo, zonke izibonelelo zibhalwa ziingcali ezinamava, usebenzisa amagama kunye neemeko eziya kukunceda uqonde amagama kunye neekhowudi. Kungcono ukuqala ngencwadi elula okanye isifundo ngaphambi kokuba ungene kwizihloko eziphambili. Le ndlela, uya kuqinisekisa ukuba ufunda kwimithombo efanelekileyo.

Java kunye Kotlin

IJava kunye neKotlin zombini iilwimi ezinkulu zokucwangcisa kwaye zingasetyenziselwa uphuhliso lwe-Android app. Bobabini banamandla kunye nobuthathaka babo. Ngelixa iJava inesiko elide kwaye ineenzuzo ezininzi, I-Kotlin lulwimi oluncinci olunendlela yanamhlanje yoyilo lwe-API. I-Kotlin nayo ilula, isibizo esincinci, kwaye inikezela ngenani lophuculo ngaphezulu kwemodeli yenkqubo yeJava.

IJava lulwimi lwenkqubo olujolise kwinjongo ngokubanzi esekelwe kwiziseko zeC ++. Inoluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa kwaye yakhululwa yi-Sun Microsystems kwi 1995. Uninzi lwekhowudi yeJava namhlanje ngumthombo ovulekileyo. I-Kotlin ilandela iJava kwaye yaphuhliswa yinkampani eyenza i-IntelliJ IDE. Ikwalulwimi olunamandla noluguquguqukayo lwenkqubo oluxhasa amaqonga amaninzi.

Ngelixa iJava ilula ukuyifunda kunye nokusetyenziswa kwabaqalayo, I-Kotlin inenani leenzuzo kubaphuhlisi. Ekuqaleni, kulula kakhulu ukugcina i-app esekwe kwi-Kotlin, njengoko ikhowudi yeKotlin ayinakukwazi ukuphuka. Isibini, I-Kotlin ixhasa iintetho ze-lambda, evumela abaphuhlisi ukuba babhale ikhowudi kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lokuguquguquka kuneJava. Isithathu, I-Kotlin kulula ukuyidibanisa kwi-Gradle build scripts.

Injongo-C kunye ne-Swift

Nangona zombini ezi lwimi zokuprograma zinokuba luncedo kwiprogram ye-Android kunye ne-iOS, banazo iiyantlukwano zabo. I-Objective-C inamaxwebhu angcono kunye ne-ecosystem ekhulileyo, kwaye uSwift unekamva elithembisa ngakumbi. Zombini iSwift kunye neNjongo-C yenkxaso yesikhokelo se-UI, eyenza uphuhliso lube lula kwaye lukhawuleze. Ngelixa i-Swift ingekavuthwa njengeNjongo-C, iyakhula ekuthandeni kwaye inezixhobo ezininzi zokuphucula ikhowudi.

Zombini iNjongo-C kunye ne-Swift ziilwimi ezinomthombo ovulekileyo, ngoko abaphuhlisi banokuzisebenzisa simahla. I-Swift yaziswa kwi- 2014 INkomfa yabaPhuhlisi kwiHlabathi liphela, kwaye lulwimi lwenjongo ngokubanzi olusebenza kuwo wonke amaqonga e-Apple kunye neLinux. Lulwimi lwangoku ngakumbi kuneNjongo-C, kwaye isebenzisa itekhnoloji yokudibanisa i-LLVM ephezulu yokusebenza. Zombini i-Swift kunye neNjongo-C lukhetho olukhulu kubaphuhlisi abafuna ukuphuhlisa usetyenziso lwezixhobo eziphathwayo.

Zombini ezi lwimi zineengenelo nezingeloncedo zazo. I-Swift kulula ukuyiqonda, kwaye ineempazamo ezimbalwa. Umzekelo, kwiNjongo-C, ababhekisi phambili banokumosha ithokheni yomtya okanye ulandelelwano lwemigca. Kwi-Swift, Imitya yokubhaliweyo kunye nedatha zisetyenzwa emgceni, ukwenza kubelula kubaphuhlisi ukugcina ikhowudi. Ukwengeza, kukho iifayile ezimbalwa, ukwenza ukuhamba lula. Ulwimi olutsha kulula ukulufunda, kunye nabaphuhlisi abasele beyazi i-Objective-C okanye ikhowudi ye-C banokuyisebenzisa ngaphandle kwengxaki.

Umqambi

I-App Inventor ye-Android Programmierung sisicelo sewebhu esivulelekileyo esikunceda uphuhlise usetyenziso lwesoftware ye-OS ehambayo.. Uyilo lwayo luphefumlelwe yiScratch kwaye ikuvumela ukuba utsale kwaye ulahle izinto ezibonakalayo ukuze wakhe usetyenziso. Ikwakuvumela ukuba wenze imidlalo. Inkqubo yaphuhliswa ekuqaleni nguGoogle kwaye igcinwe yiMassachusetts Institute of Technology. Yindlela entle yokuqalisa ngenkqubo ye-Android. Nangona kulula, inikezela ngeempawu ezinamandla ukwenza usetyenziso lwe-Android.

Ukwenza usetyenziso lwe-Android, kufuneka usebenzise umfanekiso kunye namalungu ekhamera. Unokusebenzisa isakhelo senkqubo esiqhutywa yi-App Inventor ukuqalisa iintshukumo ezinokuchaphazela isixhobo. Isiganeko sinokuba ngumsebenzisi ocofa iqhosha okanye ufumana umyalezo obhaliweyo. Umzekelo, ukuba umsebenzisi ucofa iqhosha, ikhamera iya kuvula kwaye ibonise umfanekiso. Usetyenziso luya kugcina umfanekiso kwaye lubonise kwi-app.

XML ifayile yomthombo

Ifayile yomthombo weXML (XRP) yifayile yokubhaliweyo esetyenziselwa ukuchaza izixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwisicelo. Ezi zixhobo zinokuthi zibe static okanye ziguquguquke. Kufuneka zithiywe ngendlela ethile kwi-XML-Resourcen-Datei. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izixhobo zosetyenziso zichazwe kwingcambu element,'imithombo'. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isicelo siqulethe uvimba oguqukayo, kufuneka ibizwe ngokwahlukileyo.

I-XML-Resourcen-Datei ichaza iindidi zezibonelelo ezinokusetyenziswa yi-app yeselula. Kwi-Android, ezi zixhobo zinokubandakanya uluhlu lwe icons, imifanekiso, iifonti, kunye neefayile zemidiya. I-XML-Resourcen-Datei ikwachaza ukuba uvimba ngamnye uboniswa njani. I-XML-Resourcen-Datei eqhelekileyo iqulethe amashumi amawaka ezibonelelo.

SwitchPreference-Element

Kwinkqubo ye-Android, kuyenzeka ukuba usete useto-seto kwi-app ye-Android. Ezikhethwayo-Izinto ezinokuthi zichazwe kwifayile ye-XML kwaye zigcinwe kwiSharedPreferences. I-PreferenceManager isebenzisa indlela engatshintshiyo enegama elithi getDefaultSharedPreferences() leyo ibizwa kwiklasi ye-MainActivity. I-SharedPreferences-Instanz iqulathe uluhlu lwexabiso eliphambili.

Kwinkqubo ye-Android, sinokusebenzisa i-SwitchPreference-Element kwikhowudi yethu ukuseta izinto ezikhethwayo ngokubanzi. Yale, kufuneka songeze i-XML-Resource kwisicelo kwaye sicacise i-ID yayo. Le yeyona ndlela ilula yokutshintsha useto lwe-app. Kungenjalo, sinokusebenzisa ukutshintshwa kwesiko kwisicelo sethu. Oku kuya kukuvumela ukuba utshintshe useto lwe-app njengoko kuyimfuneko.

Kwinkqubo ye-Android, iSwitchPreference-Element ibonelela ngendlela efanelekileyo yokuseta usetyenziso olubanzi olukhethwayo. Inokubonelela ngolwazi kumsebenzisi malunga nefomathi yedatha yomncedisi. Ukwengeza, ivumela umsebenzisi ukuba achaze ulwimi lomyalezo oza kuboniswa. I-Android ikwabonelela ngendlela efanelekileyo ebizwa ngePreferenceChangeListener eyazisa umsebenzisi xa ukhetho lutshintshiwe. Yamkela igalelo le boolean elixela ukuba ixabiso elitsha lizakugcinwa ngokuqhubekayo okanye hayi.

Jonga iingoma ezaziwa kakhulu

Usenokuba ujonge ikhosi ebanzi kwiprogram ye-Android. Ikhosi ProgrammierenLernenHQ ibandakanya 24 I-Premium-Lektionen egubungela yonke into ukusuka kwabaqalayo ukuya kwizihloko eziphambili. Ezi khosi zivulelekile kubo bonke abathengi beekhosi. Kukwakho nekhosi yeprogram ye-Android apps. Ikhosi yenzelwe abadwelisi benkqubo abanolwazi oluthile lwenkqubo. Izinto ezifunekayo zisezantsi, kwaye ikhosi kulula ukuyilandela.

Umsebenzi ophambili we-Android app kukubonisa amagama. Esi sifundo sikufundisa indlela yokucwangcisa usetyenziso olulula lwe-Android olubonisa amazwi eengoma ezidumileyo. Isifundo siqala ngezifundo ezithathu ezakha kwezidlulileyo. Isifundo sokugqibela sikufundisa indlela yokwenza i-app yabasebenzisi abaninzi ebonisa amazwi kunye nomculo ovela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo. Esi sifundo sibandakanya yomibini imizekelo kunye nekhowudi yomthombo. Kukho imizekelo kunye nezixhobo zomzekelo okhutshelwayo ukukunceda ngophuhliso lwakho.

I-ShareActionProvider licandelo lenkqubo ye-Android enokukunceda ubonise iingoma ezidumileyo kwiindawo zokuncokola kunye nakwezinye ii-apps.. Ungayisebenzisa ukubandakanya into yemenyu okanye i-URL kwisicelo sakho se-Android. Nje ukuba umsebenzisi acofe eli qhosha, Inkqubo iya kubonisa uluhlu lomxholo ekunokwabelwana ngawo. Eli nqaku liluncedo kubantu abafuna ukwabelana ngengoma abayithandayo kuFacebook okanye kuTwitter.

Bhalisela ikhosi ye-intanethi

Ukuba ungathanda ukufunda indlela yokuphuhlisa usetyenziso lwe-Android, ukubhalisa ngokwakho kwikhosi ye-intanethi kwisihloko kuya kuba ngumbono omkhulu. Ukongeza kulwazi olusisiseko, ungafumana i-Acredible(r) isatifikethi ekugqityweni kwekhosi. Kwaye kunokwenzeka ukunika le khosi njengesipho komnye umntu. Ikhosi iya kukufundisa izakhono eziyimfuneko ezifunekayo ukwenza usetyenziso lweselula olusebenza ngokupheleleyo.

I-Android Online-Kurs Gesamtpaket yiphakheji ekhutshelwayo kunye nazo zonke iiLektions. Akukho mda wexesha kwikhosi kwaye ungayigqiba rhoqo njengoko ufuna. Le ndlela, unokuqiniseka ukuba uya kufunda yonke into ofuna ukuyazi malunga nenkqubo ye-Android. Ipakethe iyonke yiphakheji ekhuphekayo, ngoko awusoze uphelelwe zizinto eziphathekayo, kwaye unokuqalisa ukufunda ngokukhawuleza wakuba ulungile.

Ikhosi ye-intanethi iya kukufundisa indlela yokucwangcisa ii-apps ze-Android kunye nokwenza i-app ye-cross-platform. Le khosi iya kukufundisa indlela yokuphuhlisa ii-apps ze-Android ngeJava kunye ne-Android Studio. Nje ukuba ugqibe ikhosi, Uya kuba nakho ukusebenzisa istudiyo se-Android ukwenza usetyenziso lwehlabathi lokwenyani. Ikhosi iya kukufundisa indlela yokuphuhlisa ii-apps usebenzisa i-hybride, esebenzisa ii-apps ze-Android kunye nee-web-apps ze-iOS kunye nezixhobo ze-Android.

Iindleko

Kukho izinto ezininzi ezichaphazela iindleko zophuhliso lwe-Android app. Ukongeza kwiiyure zeprogram ezichithwe kwi-app, Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuqwalasela izikhokelo ezisetyenziselwa ukwakha i-app. Ezi zicwangciso ziqulethe ikhowudi yemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo enokusetyenziswa ngokulula kwi-app. Iindleko ezichanekileyo zezi zikhokelo zixhomekeke kwinkqubo yokusebenza. Ukuba uceba ukuphuhlisa i-app ye-smartphone ye-Android, kungcono ukhethe isakhelo esifanelekileyo phambi kokuba uqale.

Iindleko zophuhliso lwe-Android app ziya kwahluka ngokobunzima be-app kunye nenani lemisebenzi yokucela. Ngaphambi kokuba uqeshe umphuhlisi, kubalulekile ukuseta ibhajethi yakho kwaye ucinge malunga noyilo lweapp yakho phambi kokuba ubaqeshe. I-app ecwangciswe kakuhle iya kukunceda unciphise iindleko. Inkqubo ibandakanya izigaba ezahlukeneyo, kuquka iworkshop yokuxoxa ngezimvo kunye neemfuno zakho. Oku kubandakanya i-UI kunye noyilo lwe-UX, ukucwangcisa, kunye nenkqubo.