Ungaqala njani kwiNkqubo ye-Android

Usenokuba usanda kuva ngeprogrammierung ye-Android kwaye uyazibuza ukuba ungaqalisa njani. Kukho iingenelo ezininzi kule nkqubo entsha yokusebenza yeselula. Abaqalayo, ikunika ukufikelela kwivenkile enkulu ye-app ngokungaphezulu 3 million apps. Unokusebenzisa ezi apps ngokulula ukuba uyakwazi ukuzicwangcisa kakuhle. Ngezantsi ezinye zezona mpawu ziluncedo ze-Android:

Jonga ucaphulo kwiimbongi ezaziwayo-kakuhle

Nokuba usaqala okanye ujonge ukuphucula izakhono zakho zokucwangcisa, ukubonisa iingoma zeengoma ezidumileyo kwiwebhusayithi yakho okanye kwi-app yindlela eyonwabisayo yokufunda. Ikwabonisa ezona zenzo zilungileyo zophuhliso lwe-Android kwaye yindlela entle yokwenza usetyenziso lwakho lube nomtsalane ngakumbi kubathengi. Kwakhona kukunika ithuba lokubonisa izakhono zakho zokucwangcisa kubahlobo kunye nosapho.

Iyonke Android Online-Kurs iqulathe 43 izifundo kwaye ibandakanya ezimbini zokusebenza ngokupheleleyo Android zokusebenza. Izifundo zigubungela iikhonsepthi ezisisiseko zophuhliso lweapp ye-Android kwaye ziya kukukhokela kuyo yonke inkqubo ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekugqibeleni. Inguqulelo yePDF ekhutshelwayo yezifundo nayo ibandakanyiwe. Ngezihloko ezingaphezulu, ungakhetha ii-eBooks ezongezelelweyo. I-Android Online-Kurs iye 43 izifundo ezikufundisa indlela yokwenza i-app.

I-AsyncTask-Isakhelo

I-AsyncTask yiklasi yokuthatha kulwimi lweprogram ye-Android eyenza i-app yakho yenze imisebenzi ngasemva.. Ayiyonkqubo yokuthunga, kodwa ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza imisebenzi yangasemva, njengokufunda idatha kunye nokucubungula idatha. Njengoko igama licebisa, isetyenziselwa imisebenzi yangasemva kwaye ihlaziya ubume bojongano lomsebenzisi ngexesha lokwenziwa komsebenzi. Eyona nto ibambekayo ye-AsyncTask kukuvuza kweemeko ngamaxesha athile, callbacks eziphosiweyo, kunye nokuziphatha okungahambelaniyo kuwo onke amaqonga. Ikwaginya okwahlukileyo kwi-doInBackground kwaye iluncedo oluncinci ngaphezu koMabi welifa.

Unokusebenzisa i-AsyncTask-framework ngokusebenzisa i-AsyncTask API. Kulula ukuqalisa ukuphuhlisa usetyenziso lwe-Android ngesi sikhokelo. Ekuqaleni, ungaphonononga iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zesi sikhokelo. Umzekelo, I-asyncTask ikuvumela ukuba ulayishe amangeniso embali ukusuka kwilifu, Awudingi ukusebenzisa umsonto we-UI ongundoqo ukugqiba lo msebenzi. Ngaphandle koko, ungayisebenzisa ukuphumeza eminye imisebenzi kwindawo yenkqubo ye-Android.

I-AsyncTask-framework ye-Android ibonelela ngeseti yeeklasi zokuchaza kunye nokugcina imeko yesicelo. Njengoko negama lisitsho, i-AsyncTask-Framework yilayibrari ekumgangatho ophezulu ekuvumela ukuba uphuhlise usetyenziso lwe-Android. Kwaye naphezu kobunzima bayo, I-AsyncTask-Framework ikuvumela ukuba ubhale usetyenziso olusebenzayo lwe-Android.

ListView-Element

I-ListView-Element sisingxobo sezinto zokujonga kwaye kufuneka ichazwe kwifayile ye-XML-Layout. Ububanzi bayo, ukuphakama, sidesabstand, kunye noMhluli unokuchazwa kwikhowudi ye-Android. Uya kusebenzisa iArrayAdapter ukudibanisa idatha kumbono woluhlu. Kwisifundo senkqubo ye-Android, siza kugubungela iziseko zoLuhlu lokuJonga kunye nendlela yokuyisebenzisa kwi-app ye-Android.

Umbono woluhlu lujongano lomsebenzisi wesicelo, ebonisa uluhlu lwezinto. Uluhlu lunokwenziwa ngokwezifiso ngumsebenzisi, okanye inokuboniswa ngokuzenzekelayo. Uluhlu lweeViews lufumana idatha kwiiadaptha ezicudisa idatha kwimithombo yangaphandle. Bakwasebenzisa abalayishi ukugcwalisa i-Adapter. Xa umsebenzisi esebenzisana nombono woluhlu, Indlela ye toString ibuyisela umelo lwentambo yento egqithiselwe kuyo. Le yidatha eboniswe kuLuhlu lokuJonga. Ixhasa ukujonga okuninzi, kwaye unokukhangela izinto ngokuchwetheza kumagama azo.

I-Android ListView liQela lokuJonga elibonisa uluhlu lwezinto ezisongelekayo. Olu luhlu lufaka izinto ngokuzenzekelayo kusetyenziswa iadaptha, etsala idatha ukusuka kuluhlu okanye isiseko sedatha. Iadaptha ke iguqule idatha ibe yimibono yeziphumo, ezithi ke zibekwe kuluhlu. I-adapter ye-ListView iphakathi phakathi kwemithombo yedatha kunye neJonga. Igcina idatha, NONE.

Ukulungisa ingxaki

Ukuba ufuna ukulungisa i-app yakho ngaphandle kokulungisa i-Android runtime, ungasebenzisa isixhobo se-Android Studio. Ukusebenzisa esi sixhobo, qiniseka ukuba ulandela i- README yendawo yokugcina ye-android-runtime. Unokusebenzisa isixhobo se-adb ukuvula iqokobhe kwisixhobo sakho kwaye uchonge inkqubo ye-ID. Nje ukuba ufumene i-ID yenkqubo, ungasebenzisa i-DS-5 debug udibaniso ukulayisha iisimboli zenkqubo yakho yosetyenziso kwaye usete indlela yokukhangela ekwabelwana ngayo kwithala leencwadi..

Nje ukuba ufikelele kwindawo yakho yokuphumla, usetyenziso luzakunqumama uphumezo kwaye lubonise iwindow yesixhobo sokucoca. Emva koko unokujonga izinto eziguquguqukayo kunye namagama ngaphakathi kwekhowudi. Oku kuya kukuvumela ukuba uhlukanise kwaye uhlalutye unobangela wazo naziphi na iimpazamo okanye ukusilela kwexesha lokusebenza. Unokongeza ngokulula i-breakpoint ngokucofa igutter ecaleni komgca wekhowudi okanye ngokucinezela Control+F8. Ukongeza i-breakpoint, Kuya kufuneka ukhethe iDebug kwaye ucofe utolo ecaleni komgca ofunekayo wekhowudi.

Ngelixa usebenzisa i-SDK, unokufuna ukwenza i-USB debugging njengomphuhlisi. Nangona kunjalo, akufanele ushiye ukulungiswa kwe-USB ngokusisigxina. Ungafuna ukuyenza kube kanye ngexesha kodwa imingcipheko yokuyivumela ngokusisigxina inkulu kakhulu kunezibonelelo. Ukuphepha ezi ngozi, kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba une-Android SDK efakiweyo phambi kokuba uqale ukulungisa ingxaki. I-SDK ibalulekile kubaphuhlisi be-Android kuba ilungelelanisa imisebenzi emininzi eqhelekileyo kwaye yenza ukuba yenziwe ngokukhawuleza nangokulula..

Open-Source indalo

Ubume be-Open-Source ye-Android ineenzuzo ezininzi. Isoftware ifumaneka kwizixhobo ezininzi, kuquka ii-TV ezihlakaniphile, iifriji, kunye neekhamera zokukhomba kunye nokudubula. Ungayikhuphela simahla kwaye ulinge ngayo. Ukuba ufuna ukuphuhlisa i-smartphone okanye esinye isixhobo, I-Android liqonga lokusebenzisa. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba kukho ukuhla kwi-Open-Source, njengokuba. Kweli nqaku, siza kujongisisa loo miba kwaye sikunike amagqabantshintshi amafutshane kwezinye izinto ezilungileyo kunye nezibi zale ndlela yokusebenza yomthombo ovulekileyo.

I-Android ngumthombo ovulekileyo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba isoftware ephuhliswe nguGoogle isimahla ukuyisebenzisa. UGoogle ukwatyala imali kwi-Android kwaye uvuna izibonelelo kuyo. Ubume boMthombo oVulekileyo wenkqubo ye-Android ivumela ezinye iinkampani ukuba ziyigcine kwaye ziyiphucule. Ukuthandwa kwayo kuyakhula, kwaye iya kuqhubeka isanda nakwixesha elizayo. Kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokwenzeka kwi-Android, ngoko zinike ixesha lokufunda iziseko. Uya kuvuya ukuba uyenzile.

I-Android ikuvumela ukuba ubhale ii -apps zazo zonke iintlobo zezixhobo kwaye iyahambelana nazo zonke iinkqubo ezinkulu zokusebenza. Ubume bayo bomthombo ovulekileyo buvumela abaphuhlisi ukuba basebenzise imithombo emininzi yokufunda iziseko zeprogram ye-Android. Ekubeni i-Android ingumthombo ovulekileyo, abaphuhlisi banokufunda indlela yokuphuhlisa usetyenziso lwabo kuyo nayiphi na ikhompyuter. I-Android SDK ikuvumela ukuba uphuhlise kwaye uvavanye usetyenziso lwakho kuyo nayiphi na ikhompyuter, nokuba yeyiphi i-OS esebenzayo. Oku kuqinisekisa abaphulaphuli ababanzi kwisicelo sakho.