Yintoni efunekayo ukuze ube yiNkqubo ye-Android?

Umdwelisi weprogram we-android nguMphuhlisi we-Android. Umsebenzi ophambili we-android programmer kukuphuhlisa usetyenziso lwee-smartphones kunye neetafile usebenzisa iJava kunye neC ++. Kweli nqaku siza kuxoxa ngento efunekayo ukuze ube ngumdwelisi we-android, zeziphi izakhono ozidingayo kunye neendleko ezinxulumene nalo msebenzi. Ukwengeza, siza kuthetha ngendlela yokungena ebaleni.

Inkcazo yomsebenzi womdwelisi weprogram we-android

Umdwelisi wenkqubo we-Android unoxanduva lokuphuhlisa usetyenziso lwezixhobo eziphathwayo. Ezi zicelo zibamba imisebenzi ethile ethe ngqo kwinkqubo yokusebenza okanye isixhobo. Ezi ngcali kulindeleke ukuba ziqonde iimfuno zabasebenzisi kwaye zikhokele yonke inkqubo yophuhliso lwesoftware. Ukufumana umsebenzi njengeprogramu ye-Android, Kuya kufuneka ube nesidanga se-bachelor kwintsimi ehambelanayo kunye namava omsebenzi afanelekileyo.

Abaphuhlisi be-Android basebenza kuluhlu olubanzi lwamashishini. Njenge, kubalulekile ukuba nezakhono ezibalaseleyo zonxibelelwano kunye nezakhono zokusebenza njengeqela. Oku kungenxa yokuba kufuneka bakwazi ukunxibelelana ngokuqhutywa komsebenzi wobugcisa kubantu abangengobuchwephesha. Ukwengeza, Abaphuhlisi be-Android kufuneka babe nolwazi olunzulu lwehlabathi loshishino. Olu lwazi luya kubanceda bavelise izicelo eziya kuba yingenelo kubaphulaphuli abajolise kubo. Oku kuya kwenza izicelo zabo zisebenze ngakumbi kwaye zibenengeniso.

Njengomdwelisi weprogram we-Android, uya kuba noxanduva lokwakha kunye nokuvavanya usetyenziso olusebenzayo kuzo zonke izixhobo ezisekwe kwi-Android. Uya kusebenza kunye namaqela ophuhliso lwemveliso ukuhlangabezana neenjongo zawo kwaye uthobele izikhokelo zoYilo lweMathiriyeli zikaGoogle. Injongo kukwenza izicelo ezisebenza kakhulu ezigcina abasebenzisi bonwabile. Oku kubandakanya ukugcina ikhowudi ibhetyebhetye kwaye imfutshane. Ukongeza ekudaleni izicelo ezintsha, Uyakuba noxanduva lokuqinisekisa usetyenziso olukhoyo.

Umdwelisi wenkqubo olungileyo we-Android uya kuba nezakhono ezibalaseleyo zonxibelelwano. Kufuneka babe nokuqonda okuqinileyo kwe-ecosystem yophuhliso lwe-Android, kwaye ube nomdla wokwenza iimveliso ezisemgangathweni. Ukongeza, kufuneka zibe nezinto ezintsha kwaye zijolise kwiziphumo. Abaviwa kufuneka babe 2+ iminyaka yamava kwaye uzikhuthaze. Kufuneka bahlalutye kwaye babe nengqiqo ebukhali yokusombulula iingxaki.

Abaphuhlisi be-Android banoxanduva lokuyila kunye nokuphumeza ujongano lomsebenzisi olusebenzayo (UI) kwizicelo zabo. I-UI ye-app imisela ukuba abasebenzisi baya kusebenzisana njani nesicelo. Ukwengeza, Abaphuhlisi be-Android kufuneka bayile iinkqubo ekulula ukuhamba kuzo kwaye zikhangeleke zinomtsalane. Kufuneka kwakhona baqinisekise ukuba iinkqubo zabo zifanelekile kubasebenzisi bayo yonke iminyaka. Abaphuhlisi be-Android kulindeleke ukuba baqhelane neelwimi ezahlukeneyo zokucwangcisa.

Izakhono ozidingayo ukuze ube ngumdwelisi weprogram we-android

Ukuba unomdla wokusebenzela uGoogle njengomphuhlisi we-Android, kukho izakhono ekufuneka uzifunde. Ezi zakhono ziya kukuvumela ukuba wenze kwaye uguqule ii -apps zeqonga le-Android. Kuya kufuneka wazi iJava okanye iKotlin, ezona lwimi zimbini zidumileyo zokuprograma zeqonga le-Android. Kuya kufuneka kwakhona uqonde i-XML, olululwimi lokuchaza idatha kwii-apps.

Funda ukusebenzisa i-Android Studio, eyona IDE idumileyo kuphuhliso Android. Le IDE iquka izinto ezininzi eziluncedo ezifana neengcebiso ezizigqibezelayo njengoko uchwetheza, esweni inkumbulo, kunye nezixhobo zokucoca. Sisixhobo esihle sokufunda kwaye sinconywa kakhulu kubaqalayo kunye nabaphuhlisi abanamava ngokufanayo. Indawo yayo edibeneyo ivumela abaphuhlisi ukuba bakhe ii-apps ngokukhawuleza kwaye kulula kwaye yinxalenye ye-Android Software Development Kit, eyiseti yezixhobo zokukhowuda, amathala eencwadi, kunye namaxwebhu. Ukwazi ukusebenzisa ezi zixhobo kunye namathala eencwadi kuya kukwenza usebenze ngakumbi emsebenzini wakho.

Ngaphandle kokufunda indlela yokubhala ikhowudi, Abaphuhlisi be-Android kufuneka bazi indlela yokusebenzisa i-RESTful APIs. Kufuneka bazi iJava okanye iKotlin, kwaye ukhululeke usebenzisa izixhobo ezinqamlezayo ezifana ne-Eclipse. Ikwangumbono olungileyo ukufunda izikhokelo kunye nemigaqo yoyilo lwe-Android.

Esinye sezakhono eziqhelekileyo ezifunwa ngabaphuhlisi be-Android kukukwazi ukusebenza ngekhowudi evela kwabanye abaphuhlisi. Oku kufuna ulwazi lweelwimi ezininzi zokucwangcisa, kunye nokukwazi ukulungisa iingxaki zesoftware kunye nokuphucula usetyenziso lwabo. Akuqhelekanga ukuba abaphuhlisi be-Android babe ngabaphathi beprojekthi. Bajongana nawo wonke umjikelo wobomi besicelo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into iyilwe ngokweenkcukacha kwaye igqityezelwa kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye nemiqobo yexesha.

Emva kokufunda ezi zakhono, umdwelisi wenkqubo we-Android unokuqalisa ukupapasha usetyenziso lwakhe lweselula kuGcino lukaGoogle Play. Yakube ipapashiwe, ezi apps zinokusasazwa ngokukhululekileyo kwaye zikhutshelwe kwihlabathi jikelele, elinokubabonelela ngeqonga elikhulu lokubonisa izakhono zabo zokuyila kunye nobuchule. Nje ukuba ikhululwe, umphuhlisi we-Android unokusebenza ngokuzimeleyo, njengomsebenzi ozimele.

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufumana amava obuchule kukusebenza kwiiprojekthi zobungcali. Iinkampani ezininzi zikhetha ukuqesha abadwelisi benkqubo ubuncinane iminyaka embalwa yamava. Ukufumana amava athile obuchule kuya kwenza ukuba i-resume yakho ibe nomtsalane ngakumbi kubaphathi abaqeshwayo. Ikwangumbono olungileyo ukujonga kwiibhodi zemisebenzi kwi-intanethi kwaye uqhagamshelene namashishini asekuhlaleni.

Iindleko zokuba ngumdwelisi we-android

Iindleko zenkqubo ye-Android ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubunzima beprojekthi kunye nommandla ohlala kuwo. Umzekelo, iapp ephuhliswe eIndiya inokubiza $18 iyure ngelixa i-app ephuhliswe e-US inokubiza $100 okanye ngaphezulu ngeyure. Unokunciphisa iindleko zakho ngokuqesha umphuhlisi osuka eIndiya.

I-Android yeyona ndlela ikhawulezayo yokusebenza yeselula kwaye yenze impembelelo enkulu kushishino lwe-IT yehlabathi. Iyathandwa kwihlabathi jikelele kwaye kubiza kancinci ukuyiphuhlisa kune-iOS. Ukupapasha iapp yakho kwiPlayStore kubiza nje $25 kube kanye kwaye ayihlaziywa. Ukuduma kwe-Android kuye kwabangela ukuba abatyali-mali abaninzi bacinge ngokwakha ii -apps zabo bezisebenzisa. Kweli nqaku, siza kujonga iindleko zangaphambili nezisecaleni ezinxulumene nophuhliso lwe-Android app.

Ukungena ebaleni

Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise ukusebenza njengeprogram ye-Android, kuya kufuneka ufumane ulwazi oluthile lobugcisa. Kuya kufuneka ufunde iSQL, olu lulwimi olusoloko lusetyenziswa ukulawula idatha kunye nokucwangcisa ugcino lweenkcukacha. Ulwazi ngolu lwimi luya kwandisa amathuba akho okufumana umsebenzi. Kuya kufuneka ufunde kwakhona i-XML, ulwimi oluyimfuneko ekuchazeni idatha kwisicelo.

Ngelixa ufunda ukwenza ikhowudi ye-Android, kuya kufuneka ufunde malunga neempawu zayo ezisisiseko kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa ii-APIs. Uphuhliso lwe-Android yinkalo ecela umngeni. Uya kudibana nemiqobo emininzi njengoko usebenza kwiiprojekthi zakho, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba nomonde nokuzingisa ukuze uzoyise.

Njengomdwelisi weprogram we-Android, uya kuba noluhlu olubanzi lwamathuba emisebenzi. Ungasebenzela iqela elincinci okanye uqale ishishini lakho. Ungathatha iiprojekthi ezizimeleyo ukuze ufumane amava kunye nokwakha ipotfoliyo yakho. Ukwengeza, unokufunda indlela yokubhala i-resume kunye ne-cover letter ukwandisa amathuba akho okufumana umsebenzi.

Ukwazi ukusebenza neeprojekthi ezininzi ngaxeshanye kubalulekile kwimpumelelo njengenkqubo ye-Android. Uya kucelwa ukuba ulawule imisebenzi emininzi enemihla ebekiweyo eyahlukeneyo. Izakhono zokulawula ixesha elifanelekileyo kunye nokunxibelelana kakuhle kuya kukunceda ugqibezele imisebenzi yakho ngempumelelo. Ukwengeza, ukukwazi ukusebenza namanye amalungu eqela kunye nabanye abasebenzi kunokukunceda ukusombulula iingxabano.

Njengomdwelisi weprogram we-Android ofanelekileyo, kuya kufuneka ufunde iilwimi ezahlukeneyo, kuquka iJava kunye neKotlin. Kuya kufuneka kwakhona ufunde indlela yokuphuhlisa usetyenziso lweplatform. Ukuba unolwazi ngezi lwimi, ungawuxhobela ngcono umsebenzi.

I-Android liqonga elikhulu, nokufunda indlela yokuyisebenzisa kunokutya ixesha. Akunakwenzeka ukufunda yonke into ngenyanga, kodwa ukufunda malunga nophuhliso lwe-Android kuluntu lwabaphuhlisi be-Android kunokuba ngamava aluncedo. Ukuba nepotifoliyo yee-apps ezipapashiweyo kuya kukwenza uthengiseke ngakumbi njengomcwangcisi we-Android.

I-Android yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yeselula kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye usetyenziso lwayo luxhomekeke kakhulu kwizigidi zabasebenzisi. Ngoko ke, kukho imfuno ekhulayo yabaphuhlisi abaqeqeshiweyo be-Android ukunceda ukwakha usetyenziso olusebenzisekayo kunye nokuphucula usetyenziso olukhoyo. Ukongeza, I-Android liqonga lomthombo ovulekileyo, ke uya kufumana ezininzi izakhelo zasimahla kunye nezixhobo eziza kukunceda wakhe usetyenziso olusemgangathweni.