Ukuthuthukisa Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android

Ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android kudinga ukuthi usebenzise ama-API ahlinzekwa yi-Android. Lawa ma-API anika amandla onjiniyela ukuthi bakhe inhlobonhlobo yezinhlelo zokusebenza. Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zingasebenzisa amandla anamandla enkundla ye-Android, futhi kulula ukuzidala, gcina, futhi andise. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukwakha uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza, qiniseka ukuthi ulandela iziqondiso ezithile ukuze ulenze lisebenze ngokushelela ngangokunokwenzeka.

Izinsiza

Izinsiza kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android zingamafayela asetshenziselwa ukubonisa okuqukethwe nokuchaza izici zedivayisi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa amafa esithombe, imibala, kanye namanani eyunithi yezinhlamvu. Izinsiza zibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android. Basiza uhlelo lokusebenza ukuthi lubonise okuqukethwe, phatha osayizi besikrini abaningi, futhi usekele izilimi eziningi. Izigaba ezilandelayo zichaza izinhlobo zezinsiza ku-Android nezinjongo zazo.

Kuhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android, insiza ingagcina ama-bitmaps, imibala, izincazelo zesakhiwo, kanye nemiyalelo yokugqwayiza. Zonke lezi zinsiza zigcinwa kuma-subdirectories ngaphansi kwe-res/ directory. Ngokuvamile, izinsiza zohlelo lokusebenza zihlelwa zaba amafayela e-XML aqukethe ama-subdirectories amaningi. Insiza ngayinye inegama elihambisanayo, esetshenziselwa ukufinyelela kuyo ngekhodi ye-Java noma ifayela elihlukile lensiza ye-XML.

Ngokuvamile, uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android lunezinkomba ezimbili ezihlukene zokugcina izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinsiza. Uhla lwemibhalo olulodwa lugcina izinto ze-bitmap, kuyilapho enye inikezelwe kumafayela e-XML. Uhlu lwemibhalo lwesakhiwo luqukethe amafayela e-XML asetshenziselwa ukudala isixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi, kuyilapho uhla lwemibhalo lwemenyu luqukethe amafayela e-XML esithonjana sesiqalisi nemenyu yokuzula.

Izinsiza zingaqoqwa ngedivayisi, ulimi, kanye nokumisa. Izimfanelo eziqondene nedivayisi ziyengezwa encazelweni yesisetshenziswa ukuze kusekelwe ukulungiselelwa okuhlukile kwedivayisi. I-Android ithola ngokuzenzakalelayo ukulungiselelwa kwedivayisi yamanje futhi ilayishe izinsiza ezifanele zohlelo lokusebenza. Uma kungenjalo, ingasebenzisa insiza ezenzakalelayo esikhundleni salokho. Kungenzeka ukwengeza iziqu zezinsiza ezingaphezu kwesisodwa, inqobo nje uma ama-subdirectories ehlukaniswa ngodwi.

Onjiniyela be-Android kufanele futhi bahlale benolwazi lwakamuva ngamathuluzi amasha, imitapo yolwazi, nezinye izinsiza. I-Android Weekly iwukushicilelwa kwamasonto onke okunikeza ulwazi ngamalabhulali amasha, amathuluzi, namabhulogi angabasiza bakhe izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android. I-Android iyimakethe ehlukene kakhulu, futhi kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zamadivayisi nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android zidinga ukusekela ububanzi obubanzi bezinsiza ze-UI nezinzwa.

Abahlinzeki bokuqukethwe

Abahlinzeki bokuqukethwe bayadingeka ukuze kugcinwe futhi kuboniswe idatha kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android. Umhlinzeki wokuqukethwe yisizindalwazi esimaphakathi esivumela ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ukuthi zifinyelele idatha eziyigcinayo. Ngokwesibonelo, umhlinzeki wokuqukethwe angabamba idatha mayelana nezintandokazi zomsebenzisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingagcina amafayela, ezigcinwa kumakhalekhukhwini noma endaweni yokugcina enwetshiwe. Nokho, ngephutha, lawa mafayela awafinyeleleki kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Ngenhlanhla, I-Android isekela isizindalwazi se-SQLite, kanye nesitoreji senethiwekhi, ngakho-ke kulula ukugcina idatha ngaphandle kohlelo lokusebenza. Abahlinzeki bokuqukethwe bakuvumela ukuthi wabelane ngedatha phakathi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza futhi unikeze abasebenzisi bakho idatha abayidingayo.

Abahlinzeki bokuqukethwe bangaphinda banikeze izinhlelo zokusebenza ngolwazi eziludingayo ukuze baphathe idatha. Yize abahlinzeki bokuqukethwe bengadingeki kulo lonke uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android, ziwusizo kulabo abagcina idatha yomsebenzisi futhi bafinyelele kuyo kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi. Ngokwesibonelo, umsebenzisi angase abe nezinguqulo eziningi Zokudayela noma Uhlelo lokusebenza Loxhumana Nabo kudivayisi yakhe.

Kuhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android olujwayelekile, Umhlinzeki Wokuqukethwe usebenza njengesizindalwazi esihlobene. Ingasetshenziselwa ukufinyelela ngokuphephile idatha nokuyikhohlisa ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zomsebenzisi. Lokhu kuvumela abahlinzeki bokuqukethwe ukuthi bagcine idatha ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene futhi kuvumela onjiniyela ukuthi benze ngendlela oyifisayo izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza ukuze zizisebenzise ngendlela ezidinga ngayo. Ngokwesibonelo, umsebenzisi angasebenzisa i-ContentProvider ukuze agcine idatha ezintweni okufanele zenziwe. Ukwenza lokhu, umsebenzisi angashayela indlela yombuzo futhi athole ikhesa ebonisa amarekhodi okufanele aphindwe ngawo.

Abahlinzeki bokuqukethwe bezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android banikeza isixhumi esibonakalayo esingaguquki sokufinyelela idatha. Idatha ivezwa ngefomethi yethebula umugqa ngamunye omele irekhodi kanye nekholomu yohlobo oluthile lwedatha. Idatha ingaba yinoma yini ukusuka efayeleni kuye ekhelini.

Uhlelo lwemvume

Izimvume ziyindlela yokulawula inani ledatha uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza olungafinyelela kuyo. Isistimu yemvume ku-Android ihlelwe yaba izigaba ezibanzi. Lezi zihlanganisa ukufunda, bhala, futhi uguqule. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android zingaphinda zifake kuhlu izimvume zazo ekhasini lezimvume. Ngokwesibonelo, engxenyeni ethi Isitoreji, uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lungase lucele imvume yokufunda okuqukethwe kwesitoreji esabiwe sedivayisi yakho. Ingase futhi icele imvume yokuhlela nokususa okuqukethwe. Uhlobo ngalunye lwemvume lunencazelo yalo, futhi ungathepha imvume ngayinye ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Ukuze usebenzise isistimu yemvume ku-Android, kuzomele wenze isiqiniseko sokuthi uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza luhlangabezana nezimfuneko. Ngokujwayelekile, I-Android izonikeza izimvume ezingafaki ubungozi bokuphepha kubasebenzisi. Ungakhetha ukubonisa lezi zimvume njengohlu lwezimvume ezingazodwana. Ngemvume ngayinye, qiniseka ukuthi ufaka incazelo kanye nelebula echaza ukusebenza kwayo okuyinhloko. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kufanele kube imisho emibili ubude.

Izinga le-AFP lezimvume ze-Android ladalelwa ukunika amandla abasebenzisi bokugcina ukuthi baphathe izimvume zezinhlelo zabo zokusebenza. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bacacise amaleveli emvume enziwe kahle futhi ihlukanise phakathi kwezinsiza eziyimfihlo neziyimfihlo. Uhlelo lwe-AFP luzophinde luqaphe izimvume zohlelo lokusebenza ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza lungenza umsebenzi walo ngenkathi luvikela abasebenzisi’ ubumfihlo.

Izimvume ze-Android zinikeza izinhlelo zokusebenza ukufinyelela kudatha eyimfihlo nolunye ulwazi olungazwela. Ngokuvamile, i-pop-up izovela uma uhlelo lokusebenza ludinga ukufinyelela izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezibucayi noma idatha. Kufanele njalo uhlole izimvume ngaphambi kokuvumela uhlelo lokusebenza ukuthi lusebenze kudivayisi yakho.

Impilo yebhethri

Impilo yebhethri yohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android ikuvumela ukuthi ugade ukusetshenziswa kwebhethri kohlelo lokusebenza ngalunye kudivayisi yakho. Ihlinzeka ngolwazi njengokuthi yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzisa amandla ebhethri amaningi, noma ngabe isikrini sivuliwe noma sivaliwe, futhi uma idivayisi isebuthongweni obukhulu. Lolu lwazi lungaba usizo ekwehliseni ukuphuma kwebhethri. Uhlelo lokusebenza kulula ukulisebenzisa futhi lungangezwa esikrinini sakho sasekhaya ukuze unikeze ukufinyelela okulula kudatha yokusetshenziswa kwebhethri.

Ukuze uthole umbono wokusetshenziswa kwebhethri lezinhlelo zakho zokusebenza, iya kumenyu Yezilungiselelo bese ucindezela Ibhethri. Khona-ke, thepha uhlelo lokusebenza ngalunye ukuze ubuke ukuthi lusebenzisa amandla angakanani. Uma uhlelo lokusebenza luthatha amandla angaphezu kwawafunayo, yikhiphe ocingweni lwakho. Ungakwazi futhi ukushintsha izilungiselelo zohlelo lokusebenza ngalunye ukuze ukhawulele ukusetshenziswa kwalo kwangemuva.

Enye indlela yokuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwebhethri ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza lokubulala umsebenzi. Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zingasetshenziswa ukuphatha ukukhanya, I-Wi-Fi, idatha, kanye nomsindo. Ngokusebenzisa lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza, ungathuthukisa impilo yebhethri lakho futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kwedivayisi yakho. Nakuba izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zokonga ibhethri zingamanga nje, kukhona ezine ezisebenza ngempumelelo ekweluleni impilo yebhethri lakho.

Android 8.0 yethule izibuyekezo ezimbalwa ezisiza ukulondoloza impilo yebhethri ngenkathi igcina impilo yesistimu nolwazi lomsebenzisi. Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu empilweni yebhethri izicelo zenethiwekhi ezenziwe izinhlelo zokusebenza. Izicelo eziningi zenethiwekhi zidinga ukusetshenziswa kwemisakazo edla amandla, ezisebenzisa ibhethri eliningi. Ngakho, kubalulekile ukuthuthukisa izicelo zenethiwekhi futhi unciphise ukuxhumeka kwedatha ukuze ulondoloze impilo yebhethri. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo zokusebenza zingenza umsebenzi wangemuva kuphela uma isistimu iwudinga.

Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zokonga ibhethri ze-Android zifaka i-JuiceDefender ne-Mobile Booster. I-JuiceDefender iwuhlelo lokusebenza oluphelele olusiza abasebenzisi bandise impilo yebhethri lefoni yabo ngokulawula izici ezidla amandla kakhulu.. Futhi inamandla okuguqula ngokuzenzakalelayo i-Wi-Fi ngokusekelwe endaweni.

Ukusebenza

Uma uthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android, kunezici ezihlukahlukene okufanele zicatshangelwe, okuhlanganisa ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi nedivayisi. Lokhu kusho ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza ukuthi lusebenze kahle kuwo wonke amanethiwekhi namadivayisi amaningi. Kufanele futhi ucabangele ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lusebenza kanjani nama-API neziphakeli ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi luzoshesha futhi lushelele ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kohlelo lwakho lokusebenza, ungathuthukisa ulwazi lomsebenzisi futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza.

Ukusebenza kweselula kuhlukile ekusebenzeni kwedeskithophu, futhi uma uhlela ukususa uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza ukusuka kudeskithophu uye kuselula, kufanele ukwazi lokhu. Abasebenzisi beselula bavame ukuba noxhumano lwe-inthanethi olusheshayo kanye nesikrini esikhulu. Ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-android kungase kuthintwa amaphutha amancane, njengokungasebenzisi ama-API alungile.

Ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa, onjiniyela kufanele benze izivivinyo kumadivayisi ahlukene. Akubona bonke abasebenzisi abazoba namadivayisi asezingeni eliphezulu ano-2GB we-RAM nama-CPU anamandla. Iphutha elivamile elenziwa onjiniyela abaningi ukuthuthukisa ikhodi yedivayisi engalungile. Ngisho noma unamadivayisi asezingeni eliphezulu, kufanele uhlole uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza ezinhlotsheni ezimbalwa zamadivayisi ukuze ubone ukuthi lisabela kanjani ekulungisweni okuhlukile, usayizi wenkumbulo, kanye nesivinini se-CPU.

Njengoba ubona, imiphumela yalolu cwaningo ayikhuthazi. Cishe ingxenye yonjiniyela ayisebenzisi ukulungiselelwa okuncane ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kohlelo lwabo lokusebenza. Onjiniyela abaningi basakholelwa ukuthi ukwenza kahle okuncane akusifanele isikhathi noma umzamo. Lokhu kubangela ukusebenza kabi kohlelo lokusebenza.