Izinhlobo Ezihlukene Zokuthuthukiswa Kohlelo Lokusebenza lwe-Android

Uma ufuna indlela elula yokudala izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android zekhwalithi ephezulu, mhlawumbe usuzwile nge-Android Studio. I-software suite ihlanganisa i-Java Development Kit (JDK) kanye ne-Emulator ne-Google Play Isitolo. Iphinde inikeze ulwazi mayelana nenqubo yokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza nokwenza kahle uhlelo lokusebenza.

I-Xamarin iyisixazululo esingcono kakhulu sokwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android zekhwalithi ephezulu

Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-No-Coding-Platform ziningi. Abagcini nje ngokuhlinzeka ngezindawo zokudonsa nokuwisa kodwa futhi banikeza ukufinyelela okuhlangene kudatha nezibalo zeselula zesikhathi sangempela.. Nakuba okubi kuwukuntuleka kokuguquguquka, ubuhle budlula ububi.

Inkundla ye-Xamarin yokuthuthukisa i-plattform-agnostic yenza inqubo yokudala izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula zibe lula futhi zisebenze kahle kakhulu kunangaphambili.. Ama-Xamarin Native Entwicklers angasebenzisa ulimi olufanayo ukuze athuthukiswe futhi asebenzise i-codebase eyodwa kuzo zombili izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android ne-iOS.. Lokhu kwenza kube lula kakhulu ukwenza uhlelo lokusebenza olusebenza kuzo zombili izinkundla, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abasebenzisi bakhetha yiphi.

Nakuba i-Xamarin ingeyona inketho engcono kakhulu yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ihluzo ezinzima, ingakunikeza ikhwalithi efanayo. Inkundla ye-Xamarin iyahambisana nemitapo yolwazi yezinga lendabuko efana ne-OpenGL ES, Isibindi, futhi SkiaSharp. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise ubuchwepheshe bakamuva nezinqubo zokuhlela. Iphinde isuse izinkinga zokusebenzisana namalabhulali omdabu.

Enye inzuzo ebalulekile ye-Xamarin ukuguquguquka kwayo. Ingasetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula ze-iOS, Android, kanye nezinkundla zewebhu nezedeskithophu. Ingase futhi isetshenziselwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezixubile. Amafomu e-Xamarin nawo ayahambisana nokuthuthuka okuxubile nokungenakhodi, engenziwa yinoma yimuphi umthuthukisi ngaphandle kokudinga ulwazi lomthuthukisi. Nokho, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi amathuluzi okungenayo ikhodi awakuniki ukulawula okuphelele kuhlelo lokusebenza futhi awakwazi ukwenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo ngokwezidingo zabasebenzisi..

I-Kotlin iwulimi lokuhlela olungashintshi lokuthayipha

I-Kotlin ulimi olusha oluya luduma kakhulu. Ulimi oluthayiphiwe ngokwezibalo luyinketho edumile yokuthuthukiswa kwe-Android, nge-syntax ekhethekile yokwenza ikhodi isebenze. Isanda kwamukelwa yi-Google njengolimi abaluncamelayo lokuhlela lwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android. Ulimi ekuqaleni lwenzelwe umshini obonakalayo we-Java, futhi kukhona ukufana okuningi phakathi kwe-Kotlin ne-Java. I-syntax yayo ifana ne-Java, futhi ingabiza amakilasi e-Java. Ithola nokuduma ekuthuthukisweni kwewebhu.

Ngaphezu kokusekela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Android, I-Kotlin iphinde isekelwe yi-JetBrains’ IntelliJ IDEA IDE kanye Visual Studio Code. Womabili amathuluzi ane-plug-in ye-Kotlin. Eyangaphambili ingcono kubathuthukisi be-Java ngoba inezici eziningi zokuhlaziya ikhodi, kuyilapho lesi sakamuva singakwenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kokubili i-Eclipse ne-NetBeans ayisekeli i-Kotlin.

Zombili izilimi zinamandla futhi ziyavumelana nezimo, kodwa uma ungunjiniyela omusha, I-Kotlin iyisinqumo esingcono. Ukujwayelana kwayo ne-C # ne-Java kuyenza ibe yisinqumo esihle kwabaqalayo. Scala, Ngokwesinye isandla, iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, futhi ayibhekeli onjiniyela abasha.

I-React Native iwumthombo ovulekile welabhulali yePython yobuchwepheshe bokulawula ukuthinta okuningi

I-React Native iwuhlaka lokuthuthukisa olwakhiwe yi-Facebook. Ivumela abathuthukisi ukuthi bakhe izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula besebenzisa i-JavaScript ne-React. Ifaneleka kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukuphendula okuphezulu nolwazi lomsebenzisi olunembile.

Ubuchwepheshe busetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi, kusuka emidlalweni kuya ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Ngokwesibonelo, Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Facebook Messenger lusebenzisa i-React Native. Le nkundla entsha ingasetshenziselwa ukudala izinhlelo zokusebenza zamapulatifomu ahlukahlukene, kuhlanganise iOS kanye Android.

Umphakathi wakho uyakhula futhi uyakhula. Njengoba ukuthandwa kohlaka kukhula, abantu abaningi bakha izinhlelo zokusebenza beyisebenzisa. Umphakathi osekela ubuchwepheshe uhlala usebenza ekuthuthukisweni nasezintweni ezintsha ukwenza kube lula ukuzisebenzisa.

I-React Native ivumela ukuthuthukiswa kwenkundla futhi iyindlela esebenza kahle kakhulu yokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza kunezindlela ezivamile zokuthuthukisa i-Android. Iphinde isekele ukuvuselela okusheshayo, okuvumela onjiniyela babuyekeze futhi baguqule i-UI ngaphandle kokwakha kabusha uhlelo lokusebenza. Lokhu konga isikhathi futhi kwandisa umkhiqizo.

Ngenkathi i-React Native iyithuluzi elihle lokuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-cross-platform, kukhona ezinye downsides. Okubi kakhulu okungaba khona ukuntula ukuvuthwa kwe-React Native. Iqale ukukhishelwa i-iOS ngoMashi 2015 kanye ne-Android ngoSepthemba 2015. Umphakathi usasebenzela izindlela ezingcono kakhulu, futhi imibhalo iyashoda. Nokho, ama-API amaningi angekho angenziwa onjiniyela.

I-Kivy iyilabhulali ye-Python yomthombo ovulekile yobuchwepheshe bokulawula i-multitouch

Ulimi lohlelo oluvulekile lwe-Kivy lusiza ekuthuthukiseni izinhlelo zokusebenza kumadivayisi eselula nawedeskithophu. Ilabhulali yayo ecebile yamalabhulali isiza ekwenzeni ukuthuthukiswa kube lula futhi kusheshe. Iphinde inikeze amawijethi okulula ukuwasebenzisa futhi asekele i-multitouch. Uhlaka lwayo luphinde lwathuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinye izindlela ze-HTML5 kanye ne-GUI elula esiza ekuthuthukisweni okusheshayo kwezinhlelo zokusebenza..

Umtapo wezincwadi we-Kivy umahhala futhi ungasetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa inkundla ehlukene, izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula nezisebenzisanayo. Isekela izinkundla eziningi, kuhlanganise ne-Android, iOS, macOS, I-Linux, kanye neWindows. Umtapo wolwazi unolimi lwe-Kv olunikezelwe ekuthuthukisweni kwe-multitouch futhi lenza ukuthuthukisa isixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi (I-UI) kulula futhi evumelana nezimo. Isekela ngisho namawijethi angokwezifiso.

I-Kivy inamawijethi amaningi asevele akhelwe kuhlaka lwayo. Ukusebenzisa lawa mawijethi ohlelweni lwakho lokusebenza, kuzomele ube ne-subclass App futhi ubhale ngaphezulu ukwakha() ukuchaza ikhodi ye-UI. Ngokwesibonelo, iwijethi yelebula idinga umbhalo, ukusikisela_kosayizi, futhi pos_hint. Lezo zinhlobonhlobo ezintathu zichaza ukubukeka kwelebula.

I-Hybrid-Apps

Uma ucabangela uhlelo lokusebenza oluxubile, uzofuna ukucabangela izici ongathanda ukuzinikeza abasebenzisi bakho kanye nezindleko zizonke. Ukuthi uyahamba ngohlelo lokusebenza lwendabuko noma uhlelo lokusebenza oluxubile kuya ngosayizi nobubanzi bephrojekthi yakho. Uma unemali elinganiselwe futhi udinga ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza ngokushesha, uhlelo lokusebenza oluxubile lungaba indawo enhle yokuqala.

Enye yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezi-hybrid ezidume kakhulu emakethe yi-Instagram. Ihlanganisa ulwazi lwewebhu olunamandla omdabu futhi isekela amathani emidiya. Iphinde ivumele abasebenzisi ukuthi balondoloze izithombe namavidiyo, kanye nokuzifinyelela ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi. Esinye isibonelo sohlelo lokusebenza oluyingxube i-Uber, ehlanganise kokubili izici zewebhu nezomdabu kwaba uhlelo lokusebenza olulodwa.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezixubile zinenzuzo yokunciphisa isikhathi sokumaketha, kodwa futhi ingase ibeke engcupheni inani lesikhathi esizayo lohlelo lokusebenza. Ukuthi uyahamba ngohlelo lokusebenza oluxubile noma olomdabu kuncike kubhajethi yakho, umugqa wesikhathi, nolwazi lomsebenzisi. Nokho, kufanele wazi ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyingxubevange zidinga ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo nezibuyekezo. Ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi ubuza mayelana nezindleko zezinsizakalo zangemuva kokwethulwa futhi.

Hy

Ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza oluxubile kuyinqubo ehlanganisa amandla ezinhlelo zokusebenza zomdabu nezewebhu. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlanganisiwe zidalwe ngobuchwepheshe bewebhu obufana ne-HTML5 futhi zisebenzisa AmaSpredishithi Esitayela se-Cascading (CSS) ukuphatha ubuhle bekhasi lewebhu. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlanganisiwe zingasebenza kumapulatifomu ahlukene futhi zingasatshalaliswa ngesitolo sezinhlelo zokusebenza esisemthethweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bayashesha, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, futhi unikeze umuzwa wokusebenza okuphezulu.

Inqubo yokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza eyingxube idume kakhulu ezinkampanini emhlabeni jikelele, futhi kungaba yindlela ephumelelayo yokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza lweselula. Kungaba futhi indlela enhle yokwenza lula inqubo yakho yokuthuthukisa iselula futhi wonge imali kule nqubo. Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyingxubevange ezidumile zifaka i-Uber ne-Instagram. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezixubile zingafinyelela kuzingxenyekazi ezihlukene futhi zingathuthukiswa ngesikhathi esincane futhi ngezindleko eziphansi kunokuthuthukiswa kwendabuko.

Enye inzuzo yokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza lwe-hybrid ukuthi ingaqalwa ngokushesha, futhi ingalungiswa kalula ngokusekelwe empendulweni. Lolu hlobo lokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza lukuvumela ukuthi ukhuphule izinga ngaphandle kokuthi ubhale kabusha ikhodi yezingxenyekazi ezihlukene. Ungenza izinguquko kuhlelo lokusebenza oluyingxube kanye futhi zizosebenza kuzo zonke izinkundla.