Ungaludala kanjani uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android

Uma ufuna ukudala uhlelo lokusebenza lweselula lwe-Android, ungasebenzisa i-Xamarin Framework ukwenza kanjalo. Lolu hlaka luhlinzekwa yi-Microsoft futhi luhlanganisa izici eziningi eziwusizo, njengendawo yokuhlola esekwe emafini nezindlela eziningi zokukhiqiza amakhodi. Ngokwe-website yayo, onjiniyela abangaphezu kwesigidi esisodwa bayayisebenzisa njengamanje. Ngaphezu kwalokho, I-Xamarin Framework manje isihlanganiswe ne-Visual Studio.

I-No-Code-Apps

Kukhona izinsiza eziningi zokudala izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android ezingenakhodi laphaya, kodwa kukhona abambalwa abagqamayo kwabanye. Ibhamuza, Ngokwesibonelo, ingenye yalezo zinsizakalo. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lwebhizinisi olusekelwe efwini lunika amandla izinkampani ukuthi zizenzele ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuhamba komsebenzi futhi zakhe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisezingeni lebhizinisi. Inkampani inesivivinyo samahhala esihle esikuvumela ukuthi uzame izinsiza zokudala izinhlelo zokusebenza zayo.

Inzuzo enkulu yamasevisi okudala uhlelo lokusebenza olungenayo ikhodi isivinini sazo. Ngomugqa wesikhathi wokuthuthukiswa wamaviki amathathu kuya kwayisithupha, ungenziwa ngephrojekthi yakho ngokushesha. Ngokungqubuzanayo, ukuthuthukiswa kwendabuko kungathatha izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kweziyishumi nesishiyagalombili. Ukusebenzisa isevisi ye-no-code kungasika leso sikhathi phakathi, okukuvumela ukuthi ugxile kwezinye izici zebhizinisi lakho nolwazi lwamakhasimende.

Amasevisi angekho ikhodi anikeza izici ezihlukahlukene nezinzuzo. Amanye alawa mathuluzi akuvumela ukuthi udonse bese uwisa izici ezihlukile esikrinini. Ezinye zikuvumela ukuthi uhlanganise amasevisi adumile kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza. Webflow University, Ngokwesibonelo, inikeza okokufundisa ekuhlanganiseni isevisi yayo nesikhulumi. Ngaphezu kwalezi zinsizakalo, kunezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinomthombo ovulekile ongazisebenzisa mahhala. Esinye isisombululo esihle kakhulu se-No-code yi-Typeform. Leli thuluzi lenza ukuqoqwa kwedatha kube lula futhi lihlinzeka ngolwazi oluhle lomsebenzisi. Kungenziwa futhi ngendlela oyifisayo ukuze ifane nobunikazi bomkhiqizo wakho.

Amathuluzi angekho ikhodi avumela amabhizinisi ukuthi ahlale egugile futhi adale izinhlelo zokusebenza ngokushesha nangempumelelo. Lezi zinkundla kulula ukuzisebenzisa, ezithengekayo, kanye nesici esicebile. Izinsiza namandla wamathuluzi angenayo ikhodi ayaqhubeka nokukhula, ukuze ibhizinisi lakho lisebenze kahle kakhulu kunangaphambili.

Kotlin

Uma umusha ekuthuthukisweni kohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android, kufanele uzame u-Kotlin. Ulimi lunezinzuzo ezithile ezibalulekile kunozakwabo weJava. Isebenzisana namadivayisi we-Android amadala futhi isebenzisa umtapo wezincwadi we-AppCompat, i-Google ehlala eyibuyekeza. Iphinde inikeze indlela yokuphepha eyize, esiza ukuvimbela i-NullPointerException ukuthi ingachithi uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza.

I-Android ingenye yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidume kakhulu, okuvumela abathuthukisi bohlelo lokusebenza ukuthi bakhe izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula ngokushesha. Isofthiwe imahhala futhi inomthombo ovulekile, ukuvumela abathuthukisi ukuthi basebenzise noma yiluphi ulimi ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza. Onjiniyela be-Android bangakhetha phakathi kwe-Java ne-Kotlin, nakuba lesi sakamuva siya ngokuya sithandwa ngabathuthukisi. Ulimi luphinde lusekelwe yi-Google, esimemezele ukuthi kuzoba ulimi olukhethwayo lokuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android.

Selokhu yasungulwa ngo 2011, I-Kotlin iguqukele ekubeni ulimi oluthembekile lokuhlela. Ngenkathi i-syntax ye-Kotlin ingahambisani ne-Java, isebenza ngekhodi ye-Java futhi ingasetshenziswa kanye nezinye izilimi. Ngenxa yalokho, abaholi bebhizinisi abengeziwe bashintshela ku-Kotlin ukuze kudalwe uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android.

IsiKotlin ulimi olusha, igqugquzelwe yi-Java, kodwa ngezici eziningi ezengeziwe. Ihlanzekile futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa, futhi ngokungafani ne-Java, inemithetho nezinqubo ezimbalwa. Nakuba i-Kotlin kulula ukufunda kune-Java, kusadingeka uqonde izisekelo zokuhlela ukuze uthole okuningi ngolimi.

ShareActionProvider

Uma ufuna ukwabelana ngokuqukethwe kohlelo lwakho lokusebenza, udinga ukungeza i-ShareActionProvider kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lwe-Android. Leli klasi linesibopho sokudala nokubonisa umsebenzi wokwabelana. Ungayingeza ezinkethweni zakho Zebha Yesenzo kumenyu Yezinketho. Uma isikhona, Ibha Yesenzo izobonisa isithonjana sokuya endaweni, okuzovula i-ShareApps.

Ungasebenzisa le ShareActionProvider ukwabelana ngokuqukethwe nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Isistimu ye-Android izobonisa uhlu lwezinhlelo zokusebenza zokwabelana ezitholakalayo. Ngemva kokuba isenzo sesiphelile, uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza luzobuyela esimweni salo sangempela. Nge-ShareActionProvider, ungakwazi ukwabelana kalula ngokuqukethwe. Lena indlela enhle yokwenza uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza luqashelwe abanye. Izonikeza uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza umkhawulo wokuncintisana.

Uma umsebenzisi achofoza esikhangisweni kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza, I-ShareActionProvider yakho izozama ukubonisa ulwazi olusuka esiqeshini esibonakala manje. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, izokwazisa umsebenzisi ngenkinga futhi izoveza umlayezo oyisixwayiso. Ingase futhi ilungiselelwe ukwazisa umsebenzisi ukuthi athumele umlayezo wombhalo ku-imeyili noma kwelinye ikheli.

I-ShareActionProvider ye-Android yethulwe ku-Android 4.0 (Ileveli ye-API 14) futhi ivumela abathuthukisi ukuthi bahlanganise kalula nemithombo yedatha eyahlukene. Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi wakhe izinhlelo zokusebenza zokutshala izimali futhi unikeze abasebenzisi bakho indlela yokwabelana ngolwazi nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Lesi sici sikuvumela futhi ukuthi ushumeke iwebhusayithi ye-ShareActionProvider kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza.

I-Java-Code

Uma uzama ukudala uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android, uzodinga ukufunda i-Java-Code. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula kuwe ukuthi udale uhlelo lokusebenza olwenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo. Kunamathuluzi amaningi atholakalayo ku-inthanethi ukuze akusize uthuthukise uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza. Elinye lala mathuluzi libizwa nge-Android Studio. Lolu hlelo luzokuvumela ukuthi udale uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza usebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo sokudonsa nokuwisa. Izophinda ikuvumele ukuthi wenze ngendlela oyifisayo ukubukeka kohlelo lwakho lokusebenza futhi wengeze izici ezifana nokuqukethwe, amavidiyo, amamephu, futhi nokuningi.

Le softhiwe isebenziseka kalula futhi ingasetshenziswa abaqalayo nabahleli bohlelo abanolwazi. Le softhiwe izokwenzela i-Java-Code futhi ikunikeze elula, isikhombimsebenzisi esisebenziseka kalula. Ngeke kudingeke ukhathazeke ngokuthi ikhodi yinde kakhulu noma inkimbinkimbi, futhi izosekela inhlobonhlobo yezinhlelo zokusebenza.

I-Android isekela izilimi zokuhlela ezimbalwa ezahlukahlukene, kuhlanganise Java. Ulimi lwesibili oludume kakhulu ku-GitHub. Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili ikhona, ngakho-ke kukhona usizo oluningi lapho kunoma ubani ofuna ukufunda ulimi. Kukhona ngisho nezifundo ze-Java online. Ungakhathazeki, nakuba; I-Java ayihambi noma nini maduze.

I-Java ulimi olusetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ze-Android. Izilimi eziningi zesimanje zokuhlela zenzelwe umshini obonakalayo we-Java, kuhlanganise Kotlin. Ngenxa ye-syntax yayo efanayo, Kotlin kunjalo 100% ingashintshwa nge-Java.

Umenzi wohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android

Isethi yamathuluzi ebizwa ngokuthi i-Entwickleroptionen iyatholakala ku-Android-App-Herstellers. Lawa mathuluzi anika amandla ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android. Azikho emthethweni futhi azithinti iwaranti yefoni ye-Android. Amathuluzi aphinde avumele unjiniyela ukuthi alawule izinzwa zefoni. Ngokwesibonelo, bangakhubaza zonke izinzwa ocingweni futhi bakhubaze ikhamera.

I-Android-App-Inventor

I-Android-App-Inventor iyindawo yokuhlela yokwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula. Ivumela unjiniyela ukuthi abambe ngokushesha umqondo wohlelo lokusebenza futhi aphindaphinde ngaphandle kokufaka izindleko ezinkulu. Uhlelo futhi luvumela unjiniyela ukuthi ashicilele ikhodi yomthombo wohlelo lwakhe lokusebenza esebenzisa igalari yohlelo lokusebenza. Ichazwe ngezansi.

Ukuqala, udinga ukungena ngemvume ku-App Inventor. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lwewebhu lungasetshenziswa mahhala futhi luwumthombo ovulekile wethuluzi lokuthuthukiswa kwe-Android. Yayihlinzekwe yi-Google ekuqaleni kodwa manje isigcinwa yi-Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Ngemva kokungena ngemvume, chofoza inkinobho ethi Dala. Ikhasi lephrojekthi ye-Android-App-Inventor lizokwazisa ukuthi ufake imininingwane yakho ye-Gmail ukuze uqale inqubo yokuthuthukisa..

I-Android-App-Inventor iyithuluzi lokudala uhlelo lokusebenza lomthombo ovulekile elicebile elikuvumela ukuthi udale izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android ngokushesha nakalula.. Kumahhala ukusebenzisa futhi kwenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo ngokuphelele. Isebenza kusiphequluli futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ungene usebenzisa ikheli lakho le-imeyili nephasiwedi. Iphinde ikuvumela ukuthi uhlole umsebenzi wakho njengoba wakha futhi ukhiqiza uhlelo lokusebenza oluphelele oluzimele.

Esinye sezici ezinkulu ze-Android-App-Inventor ukuthi isekela ukudalwa kwezingxenye ezingokwezifiso. Ngokwesibonelo, ungahlanganisa ulimi lohlelo lwe-Java kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza. Ngale ndlela, ungakha izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaxhuma kumadivayisi amaningi ahlukene nezinkundla.