Ungaluthuthukisa kanjani uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android

Uma ufuna ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android, ungaqala ngohlaka olungabizi. Izinhlaka ziqukethe ikhodi esetshenziswa kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza futhi zikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise imizila ejwayelekile. Amahora wokuhlela ayabiza kodwa izinhlaka zigcina izindleko ziphansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, benza inqubo yokuhlola isebenze kahle kakhulu.

Ulimi lokuhlela i-Kotlin

I-Kotlin iwulimi lokuhlela olukhethwayo lwe-Google lokuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android. Ulimi lunezinzuzo eziningi kuneJava, okuhlanganisa nokuvikeleka nokulula ukukuqonda. Iphinde ibe nesihlanganisi esisebenza kahle, okuholela emaphutheni ambalwa okubhala amakhodi. Iyashesha futhi iyipulatifomu, ukwenza kube ukukhetha okuhle kokuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android.

I-Kotlin isekela amapulatifomu amaningi futhi ingasetshenziselwa kokubili izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula nedeskithophu. Ukwakheka kwayo okuguquguqukayo kuvumela abathuthukisi ukuthi basebenzise i-codebase eyodwa kuwo wonke amapulatifomu ahlukene. Iphinde ivumele abathuthukisi ukuthi basebenzise izixhumanisi zabasebenzisi bomdabu kanye nama-API aqondene neplathifomu. Nokho, ulimi ludinga ulwazi oluthile nolwazi lwangaphambilini.

I-Kotlin isekela imisebenzi ephakeme kune 0. Iphinde ilungele ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-hybride. Le ndlela inciphisa kokubili isikhathi nomzamo, futhi inikeza ukuguquguquka kokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza olusebenzisa izinkundla ezimbili. Nokho, akuyona inketho engcono kakhulu ngaso sonke isikhathi. Nakuba kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunokuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zomdabu, ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezixubile kuphansi. Nokho, lokhu kuncike ezidingweni zesicelo kanye nokusebenza okufiswayo.

I-Kotlin isibe olunye lwezilimi zokuhlela ezidume kakhulu zokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android. Inezinzuzo eziningi ngaphezu kwe-Java futhi kulula ukuyifunda. Iphinde ikhiqize kakhulu. Inomphakathi oqinile.

Ulimi lohlelo lwe-Java

Ukwenza izinhlelo nge-Java kuyisinqumo esihle sokudala izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android. Ulimi oludumile okulula ukulufunda nokulusebenzisa. Iphinde ibe yi-cross-platform, ngakho-ke akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lwezingxenyekazi ezihlukene. Lokhu kwenza i-Java ibe yisinqumo esihle kwabaqalayo ngoba ngeke udinge ukuqasha onjiniyela abanolwazi ukuze bathuthukise uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza.

I-Java iwulimi lwesimanje lokuhlela futhi ifaka ezinye zezingxenye ezintsha ekuthuthukisweni kwesoftware. Okubi kwe-Java ukuthi akukho ukusekelwa kwenqwaba okujwayelekile kwamadivayisi eselula. Olunye ulimi lokuhlela oludumile yi-Kotlin, ulimi olusha olungasetshenziswa ukudala izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android. I-Kotlin iyahambisana ne-Java, kodwa kusewulimi olusha futhi linenani elilinganiselwe lezibonelo nezinkomba.

Ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android usebenzisa i-Java, uzofuna ukufunda izici eziyisisekelo ze-Android Studio, okuyithuluzi elinamandla lokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza. Nale software, ungafunda mayelana nezingxenyekazi zehadiwe nesoftware ehlukene, njengezinzwa ezinyakazayo, amakhamera, isakhiwo, kanye nezici ezinezichasiselo. Kuye ngamakhono nezinjongo zakho, I-Android Studio ingakusiza ukuthi udale uhla lwezinhlelo zokusebenza eziwusizo ze-smartwatch sakho esinamandla e-Android.

Uzofuna futhi ukufunda i-Java. I-Java iyisisekelo se-Android-Apps, futhi kuyisinqumo esihle sabaqalayo. Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi i-Java iwulimi olulungile lwephrojekthi yakho, qala ngokuthenga incwadi ku-Java kanye nemvelo yokuhlela ye-Android. Inkundla ye-CHIP iyinsiza enkulu, futhi ungathola usizo kubahleli bezinhlelo abanolwazi ngokuthumela imibuzo nokucela usizo.

Indawo yokuhlola ku-Microsoft Cloud

Ukuhlola uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android yingxenye ebalulekile yenqubo yokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android. Kunezindawo eziningana ezihlukene okufanele zihlolwe ezifana nokusebenza, ezokuphepha, kanye nokwenza kwasendaweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa kweyunithi kungasetshenziswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izingxenye ngazinye ngaphakathi kohlelo lokusebenza zisebenza kahle. Onjiniyela ngokuvamile bafuna ukushicilela izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ngaphezu kokuqalisa izinhlelo zokuhlola, Onjiniyela kufanele futhi baqinisekise ukuthi bahlola izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza besebenzisa idivayisi ephathekayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amaphutha esilingisi angase angahumusheki ekusetshenzisweni komhlaba wangempela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-emulators awakwazi ukulingisa zonke izinhlobo zokusebenzelana kwehadiwe. Ngakho-ke, abahloli bohlelo lokusebenza kufanele bakwazi ukunquma ukuthi yini edala amaphutha.

Ngokuhlukana kwamadivaysi eselula nesofthiwe, ukuhlola uhlelo lokusebenza lweselula kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana nekhwalithi yalo. Amamodeli ahlukene nehadiwe kuzothinta ukusebenza kohlelo lokusebenza lweselula. Ngokwesibonelo, usayizi wesikrini unquma ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza luzosebenza kanjani. Ngokwenza lokhu kuhlola, onjiniyela bangaqiniseka ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza luzosebenza kahle kuwo wonke amadivayisi.

Izindleko

Kunezici ezimbalwa ezizothonya izindleko zephrojekthi yokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android. Okokuqala nje, kufanele ucabangele ulwazi lukanjiniyela wohlelo lokusebenza. Lo chwepheshe kufanele abe nesipiliyoni seminyaka embalwa. Nokho, kufanele futhi ucabangele ukuthi izindleko zingahluka kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, izindleko zomklamo wohlelo lokusebenza zingase zehluke kakhulu kulezo zohlelo lokusebenza olulula.

Okwesibili, kufanele unqume ibhajethi yakho. Ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza kungaba inqubo ende, futhi kufanele ucabangele leli qiniso lapho ukhetha uzakwethu wokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza. Uma ususichazile ibhajethi yakho, qala ukuhlola ama-ejensi ahlukene asebenza ngokukhethekile ekuthuthukiseni izinhlelo zokusebenza. Bheka ulwazi abanalo nokuthi mangaki amaphrojekthi abawaqedile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bheka umuntu ongabuyekeza uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza uma kudingeka.

Okwesithathu, cabanga ukuthi udinga izinhlelo zokusebenza zomdabu noma ezixubile. Izinhlelo zokusebenza zomdabu zidizayinelwe isistimu yokusebenza ethile, futhi kufanele zishintshwe ukuze zisebenze kwezinye izinkundla. Ngokuvamile zibiza kakhulu, ikakhulukazi izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-iOS noma ze-Android. Nokho, uhlelo lokusebenza lwendabuko luzohlanganisa yonke ihadiwe kudivayisi. Ngeke futhi babe nemikhawulo yesitoreji, futhi izoba namandla amaningi okukhiqiza abasebenzisi abasha.

Izindleko zokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza zingasukela kuma-Euro angamakhulu ambalwa ukuya emashumini ambalwa ezinkulungwane zama-Euro. Izindleko zincike ebunzimeni besicelo, kanye nesikhathi sokuhlela esidingekayo ukuyithuthukisa. Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi zizodinga izixazululo ezintsha zokuzenza zisebenziseke kakhulu.

isikhathi sokuthuthukiswa

Kunezinzuzo ezimbalwa zokuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-hybride ze-Android. Banikeza ukusebenza okufanayo kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zomdabu, kodwa zidinga izinsiza ezimbalwa ukuthuthukisa. Nokho, futhi banamandla aphansi okusebenza nawokuphatha idatha kunezinhlelo zokusebenza zomdabu. Isinqumo phakathi kwe-hybride nentuthuko ye-Android yomdabu kufanele sisekelwe kuzici ezithile zohlelo lwakho lokusebenza.

Inqubo eyimpumelelo yokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza ibandakanya izigaba ezimbalwa. Isigaba sokuqala sibandakanya ukuthuthukiswa komqondo. Uma umqondo usubunjiwe, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukubhala ikhodi edingekayo. Abathuthukisi bohlelo lokusebenza kufanele bacabangele zonke izici zohlelo lokusebenza, okuhlanganisa ukuthi izobukeka kanjani nokuthi izosebenza kanjani. Ekugcineni, uhlelo lokusebenza luzodlula ku-testphase, lapho izohlolelwa khona ukusebenza.

Ukwakhiwa kohlelo lokusebenza kungathatha izinyanga ezintathu ukuya kweziyisihlanu. Isikhathi sincike ebunzimeni bephrojekthi kanye nesistimu yokusebenza. Amaphrojekthi amakhulu adinga isikhathi esengeziwe sokuthuthukiswa, kuyilapho ezincane zingaqedwa ngesikhathi esincane. Isikhathi futhi sincike emsebenzini wohlelo lokusebenza nokuthi mangaki amasistimu wokusebenza oluzoqondisa kuwo. Ngenjwayelo, ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza oluxubile kuzothatha isikhathi esincane kunomdabu, kodwa kukhona ezinye izithiyo.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza zomdabu, Ngokwesinye isandla, zenzelwe isistimu yokusebenza ye-Android. Lokhu kuvumela ukusebenza okuphezulu. Basebenzisa ulimi lwasemsamo, qonda ihadiwe nesoftware, futhi zilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinokusebenzelana okuyinkimbinkimbi.