Odinga Ukukwazi Mayelana Nokuthuthukiswa Kwezinhlelo Zokusebenza ze-Android

Odinga Ukukwazi Mayelana Nokuthuthukiswa Kwezinhlelo Zokusebenza ze-Android

I-Android iyisistimu yokusebenza ebaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni wezinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula. Lesi yisizathu sokuthi kungani uzodinga umthuthukisi wohlelo lokusebenza ukuze akudalele uhlelo lokusebenza. Kodwa uqala kanjani inqubo? Yiziphi izigaba ezahlukene? Lesi sihloko sizophendula le mibuzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzofunda mayelana ne-App-Baukasten, Amafreyimu, kanye Nonjiniyela Bezinhlelo Zokusebenza. Okubhalwe ngezansi ezinye zezinyathelo okudingeka uzilandele.

Ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza lwe-cross-platform

Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza lwe-cross-platform ukuthi ikhodi eyodwa ingasebenza ezisekelweni eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa.. Lokhu kusho ukuthi unjiniyela oyedwa angakwazi ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza olufanayo lwezingxenyekazi ezimbili ezihlukene futhi aqhubeke eqhuba kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-cross-platform futhi zinikeza onjiniyela ithuba lokusebenzisa obunye ubuchwepheshe. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa izindleko zokuthuthukisa zizonke zohlelo lokusebenza. Ngakho-ke, kuyindlela enconyiwe kakhulu yokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza.

Kunezinzuzo ezithile zokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza lwe-cross-platform ye-Android ngaphezu kokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza lwendabuko. Okokuqala nje, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-cross-platform zibiza kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa nezinhlelo zokusebenza zomdabu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ikhodi yabiwe phakathi kwamapulatifomu amabili ahlukene. Futhi, ziyashesha ukukhula njengoba zingajwayelene nezimbungulu. Lokhu kwenza izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-cross-platform zibe yisinqumo esingcono uma isabelomali siyinkinga. Kodwa qiniseka ukuthi uthola inkampani enikeza ukubonisana komuntu siqu futhi enolwazi kuzo zombili izinhlobo zokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza.

Njengoba kushiwo, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-cross-platform ngokuvamile zibiza kancane, kodwa ukuntula ukubukeka komdabu kanye nomuzwa wezinhlelo zokusebenza zomdabu. Zinomkhawulo ekusebenzeni, kodwa ingaheha inqwaba yabasebenzisi. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Cross-platform nazo zingasabela kancane, okuholela esilinganisweni esiphansi esiphelele. Uma ucabangela ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza lwenkundla ehlukene, qiniseka ukuthi ubheka ukuthi yiluphi uhlaka olulungele iphrojekthi yakho. Ngokwesibonelo, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-cross-platform zizobukeka kangcono kuma-iPhone kunasemafonini e-Android.

Enye inzuzo yokuthuthukiswa kwesicelo se-cross-platform ukuthi kuyashesha ukuthuthuka, gcina, futhi ubuyekeze. Njengoba uhlelo olulodwa lwakhiwe, izibuyekezo zingavunyelaniswa kalula kuzo zonke izinkundla. Iziphazamisi nazo zingalungiswa ku-codebase evamile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke udinge ukuqasha onjiniyela abaningi ukuze bagcine uhlelo lokusebenza. Ngakho-ke, kuyisinqumo esihle samabhizinisi afuna ukwethula uhlelo lwawo lokusebenza ngokushesha. Iphinde ibasize bonge imali, okuyinzuzo enkulu yokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza lwe-cross-platform ye-Android.

Amafreyimu

Ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android sekuyingxenye ebalulekile yempilo yanamuhla ezigidini zabantu, ikakhulukazi labo abahamba njalo. Nokho, ukukhetha uhlaka lokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwakho lokusebenza kungaba nzima futhi kudide. Ngezansi sizofaka izinhlaka ezidume kakhulu kanye nezinzuzo zazo ngalunye. I-Android manje isiwuhlelo lokusebenza lweselula oludume kakhulu emhlabeni olunabasebenzisi abasebenzayo abangaphezu kwezigidigidi ezimbili futhi 1.5 amabhiliyoni alandiwe ngenyanga. Ngokuncintisana okungaka, kubalulekile ukukhetha uhlaka oluhambisana nezidingo zakho zokuthuthuka.

I-Android Framework. Ikhishwe ku 2009, i-Android Framework isekela inqwaba yezinkundla zokuthuthukisa kanye nobuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo. Ihlanganisa nezingxenye ze-UI, amathuluzi okuhlola, namathuluzi okusabalalisa. Ngenxa yalokho, kungenzeka ukwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenza kuwo womabili amadivayisi we-iOS ne-Android. Nakuba izinhlaka eziningi zinganikezi lezi zici, i-Android Framework iyakwenza. Ukukhetha uhlaka olulungile kuncike ezidingweni zakho, amakhono, kanye nezintandokazi.

Ubunye. Lolu hlaka lwaklanywa i-Unity, inkundla yokuthuthukisa umdlalo edumile, futhi ivumela ukudalwa kokuqukethwe okunamandla kuyilapho ikhuthaza ukuxhumana nezithameli. Iphinde isekele ukuhlanganisa ukudonsa nokuwisa, elungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisekelwe kulwazi. Lolu hlaka kulula ukulufunda nokusebenzisa, futhi ikuvumela ukuthi udale izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinhle ngokushesha. Naphezu kokuba inkimbinkimbi kancane kunezinye izinhlaka, ingakusiza ukuthi uthuthukise uhlelo lokusebenza oluhle kakhulu lwe-Android.

Sabela uMdabu. Lolu hlaka luyisinqumo esihle kakhulu sonjiniyela bezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android, futhi kumahhala, umthombo ovulekile, futhi isebenzisa i-JavaScript njengolimi lwayo lokubhala oluyisisekelo. Iphinde isekele i-HTML, CSS, kanye nemakhaphu ye-UI yomdabu, ukuyenza ibe yithuluzi eliguquguqukayo lokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza lwe-cross-platform hybrid. I-NativeScript isekela ukuthuthukiswa komdabu kwezingxenyekazi eziningi. Ngokungafani nezinhlaka eziningi ze-Android, I-NativeScript inikeza ukufinyelela okuphelele kuwo wonke ama-API we-iOS.

Umakhi wohlelo lokusebenza

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zama-app-builders, ngayinye inobuhle bayo kanye nebubi bayo. Ukusebenzisa i-App-Builder kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi uthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza olunokubukeka nomuzwa ofanayo kuko konke, kodwa uzoba nolwazi oluncane lokuhlela. I-App-Builders iyafana nabakhi bekhasi eliyisiqalo, kodwa abasebenzisi ikhodi yokuhlela. Kunalokho, basebenzisa i-graphical interfaces ukuze basebenze nedatha yakho kanye nomklamo. Abenzi bohlelo lokusebenza banemiyalo embalwa kuphela yokuhlela abangayihlanganisa kusixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi.

Olunye uhlobo lomakhi wohlelo lokusebenza yi-App-Baukasten. Lolu hlobo lomakhi wohlelo lokusebenza luhlinzeka ngohlaka lokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android ngaphandle kokwazi izilimi zokuhlela. Abanye abakhi bohlelo lokusebenza banikeza imiklamo nokuqukethwe okuhlukile, kuyilapho ezinye zinikeza kuphela ukusebenza okuyisisekelo. Okunye kufaka phakathi ukufakwa kuhlu kwesitolo sohlelo lokusebenza, kodwa kufanele ukhokhe ukuze uthole lesi sici. Nokho, kusengenzeka ukudala uhlelo lokusebenza lwekhwalithi ephezulu nge-App-Baukasten, noma kumahhala.

I-App-Baukasten ifana nomhlahlandlela wokuvakasha. Esikhundleni sokuhumusha inoveli yonke olimini olulodwa, iqukethe amagama ayisihluthulelo nemishwana. Ngokufaka le mishwana, ungasiza abahambi baqonde izimo futhi baxhumane ngolunye ulimi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, futhi kumahhala futhi ungakwazi ngisho nokwenza ngendlela oyifisayo ukubukeka nomuzwa wohlelo lokusebenza ngokuvumelana nezintandokazi zakho. Ungakwazi ngisho nokudala uhlelo lokusebenza nge-App-Baukasten futhi lusatshalaliswe mahhala emakethe ye-Android.

Uma ungakhulumi isiNgisi, le nketho ingase ingabi eyakho. Kulula ukuyisebenzisa kodwa kungase kudinge ukuzijwayeza okuthile. Uzodinga ukwazi izinto eziyisisekelo mayelana nesiNgisi nohlelo ngaphambi kokuzama. Lo makhi wohlelo lokusebenza uzokuvumela ukuthi udale uhlelo lokusebenza ngokushesha. Futhi, njengoba iwumthombo ovulekile, kuhlale kungenzeka ukwengeza izici ezintsha. Ungalanda idemo ye-App-Baukasten yokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android mahhala.

Onjiniyela bohlelo lokusebenza abaqeqeshiwe

Kunezinto eziningi okufanele uzicabangele ngaphambi kokuthi uqale umsebenzi wokuba ngunjiniyela wohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android Ochwepheshe. Omunye wemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu ezokwenziwa unjiniyela we-Android ukuxazulula iziphazamisi ezinhlelweni zabo zokusebenza ngemva kokuthi zithunyelwe kubasebenzisi.. Lokhu kudinga ukuthi Onjiniyela be-Android bahlole isofthiwe yabo futhi banqume ukuthi ayinazo yini izinkinga. Kufanele futhi bahlale befunda futhi bethuthukisa amakhono abo. Kubalulekile ukuthi unjiniyela wohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android abe nekhono lokujwayela indawo ehlala ishintsha lapho asebenza khona.

Kubalulekile ukucabangela izinga lobuchwepheshe nolwazi lonjiniyela lapho ubaqashela iphrojekthi yakho. Umthuthukisi wohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android kufanele abe nolwazi olunzulu lwezindawo ezithile, kanye nephothifoliyo yomsebenzi odlule. Ikhodi kufanele ihlanzeke futhi ibhalwe kahle, futhi unjiniyela we-Android kufanele akwazi ukukhombisa izimpumelelo zabo zangaphambilini. Kuyasiza ukufunda ukubuyekezwa kwamaphrojekthi wangaphambilini. Lokhu kuzokunikeza umbono omuhle wokuthi unjiniyela we-Android unamakhono futhi unolwazi kangakanani.

Ngemva kokunquma uhlobo lwephrojekthi yokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android onalo, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuqasha unjiniyela. Ngenkathi uqasha unjiniyela, kubalulekile ukuchaza imigomo nezidingo zephrojekthi yakho. Kufanele futhi unqume isikhathi nesabelomali. Ngenkathi kungenzeka ukuthi uzosebenzisa imali eningi, ukuqasha uchwepheshe kuzosiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza luqedwa ngesikhathi nangekhwalithi ephezulu. Cabangela imibuzo elandelayo ngaphambi kokuqasha unjiniyela:

Umthuthukisi wohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android ochwepheshe ngeke abe nezindleko zaminyaka yonke njengonjiniyela wohlelo lokusebenza lwe-iPhone. Asikho isidingo sokuthenga i-SDK ye-Android ukwenza izinhlelo zokusebenza, futhi kulula futhi ukuthola umuntu onokuqonda okuqinile kwenkundla. Enye inzuzo yokuqasha unjiniyela wohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android ukuthi amanani ehora azoba ngaphansi kunonjiniyela we-iOS. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-Android iyinkundla yomthombo ovulekile, futhi onjiniyela bangakhokhisa imali encane ngamasevisi abo kunonjiniyela we-iOS.

Izixazululo zohlelo lokusebenza

Uma ucabanga ngokuba umthuthukisi wohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android, kunezici eziningana okufanele zicatshangelwe. Okokuqala nje, ukuchaza imigomo yakho kubalulekile. Udinga ukuba nombono walokho ofuna ukukufeza ngohlelo lwakho lokusebenza, noma uzifaka engozini yokudumazeka. Ukubeka izinjongo eziqondile kuzokusiza ugcine iphrojekthi yakho isendleleni. Nazi ezinye iziqondiso. Okokuqala, kufanele wazi izethameli zakho. Uma uqondise kubantu abasha, ungase ufune ukukhomba imakethe evuthiwe. Ngokwesibonelo, uma iqembu lakho olihlosile lingowesilisa, khona-ke kufanele ucabangele ukwenza isicelo sezithameli zabesifazane.